^ The term "Austrian Empire" came into use after Napoleon crowned himself Emperor of the French in 1804, whereby Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor took the title Emperor of Austria (Kaiser von Österreich) in response. The Holy Roman Empire was dissolved in 1806, and consequently "Emperor of Austria" became Francis' primary title. For this reason, "Austrian Empire" is often used instead of "Holy Roman Empire" for brevity's sake when speaking of the Napoleonic Wars, even though the two entities are not synonymous.
^Both Austria and Prussia briefly became allies of France and contributed forces to the French invasion of Russia in 1812.
^Russia became an ally of France following the Treaty of Tilsit in 1807. The alliance broke down in 1810, which led to the French invasion in 1812. During that time Russia waged war against Sweden (1808–1809) and the Ottoman Empire (1806–1812), and nominally against Britain (1807–1812).
^Spain was an ally of France until a stealthy French invasion in 1808, then fought France in the Peninsular War.
^Sicily remained in personal union with Naples until Naples became a French client-republic following the Battle of Campo Tenese in 1806.
^The Kingdom of Naples, briefly allied with Austria in 1814, allied with France again and fought against Austria during the Neapolitan War in 1815.
^Sixteen of France's allies among the German states (including Bavaria and Württemberg) established the Confederation of the Rhine in July 1806 following the Battle of Austerlitz (December 1805). Following the Battle of Jena-Auerstedt (October 1806), various other German states that had previously fought alongside the anti-French allies, including Saxony and Westphalia, also allied with France and joined the Confederation. Saxony changed sides again in 1813 during the Battle of Leipzig, causing most other member-states to quickly follow suit and declare war on France.
^These four states were the leading nations of the Confederation,but the Confederation was made up of a total of 43 principalities,kingdoms,and duchies.
^Was a commander for the French Empire, as Marshal Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte, 1804–1810.
^Joseph Bonaparte ruled as Joseph I of Naples and Sicily from 30 March 1806 to 6 June 1808, and of Spain from 8 June 1808 to 11 December 1813. He also served as a French commander before and after these two reigns.
^Persia fought against Russia from 1804-1813; the Russians were allied with Napoleon 1807-1812.
Persian Empire (2010)[q]
