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Team allocation and draw

[edit]

Seven or eight places in the All-Ireland qualifiers are allocated based on performance in the 2026 National Football League, as detailed below.

Key to colours
     Guaranteed a place in All-Ireland qualifiers
     Possible place in All-Ireland qualifiers based on
NFL position or by reaching provincial final
     Eliminated from provincial championship,
but could reach qualifiers based on NFL position
     Can only qualify for All-Ireland qualifiers by reaching provincial final
     Will compete in Tailteann Cup
Position Team
NFL champions Donegal
NFL finalists Kerry
3rd Div 1 Mayo
4th Div 1 Roscommon
5th Div 1 Galway
6th Div 1 Armagh
Div 2 champions Meath
Div 2 finalists Cork
7th Div 1 Colours of Dublin Dublin
8th Div 1 Monaghan
3rd Div 2 Louth
4th Div 2 Colours of Derry Derry
5th Div 2 Tyrone
6th Div 2 Colours of Cavan Cavan
Div 3 champions Down
Div 3 finalists Wexford
7th Div 2 Offaly
8th Div 2 Kildare[a]
3rd Div 3 Westmeath
4th Div 3 Colours of Sligo Sligo
5th Div 3 Laois
6th Div 3 Clare
Div 4 champions Carlow
Div 4 finalists Longford
7th Div 3 Limerick
8th Div 3 Colours of Fermanagh Fermanagh
3rd Div 4 Colours of Wicklow Wicklow
4th Div 4 Antrim
5th Div 4 Tipperary
6th Div 4 London
7th Div 4 Leitrim
8th Div 4 Waterford
Did not enter New York
  1. ^ Winners of 2025 Tailteann Cup

Table

[edit]
Pos Team Pld W D L PF PA PD TF TA GS TB LB Pts  FRA  SCO  IRE  ENG  ITA  WAL
1  France 3 3 0 0 123 34 +89 18 5 0 3 0 15 — 36–14 14 Mar 33–8
2  Scotland 3 2 0 1 72 61 +11 10 6 0 2 1 11 7 Mar — 31–20
3  Ireland 3 2 0 1 76 70 +6 10 9 0 1 0 9 14 Mar — 20–13 6 Mar
4  England 3 1 0 2 89 80 +9 12 10 0 1 0 5 21–42 — 48–7
5  Italy 3 1 0 2 39 68 −29 4 10 0 0 1 5 18–15 7 Mar —
6  Wales 3 0 0 3 42 128 −86 5 19 0 0 1 1 12–54 23–26 14 Mar —
Updated to match(es) played on 22 February 2026. Source: Six Nations Rugby
Head-to-head points; away results in italics
Team England France Ireland Italy Scotland Wales Total
 England N/a np 0 np 0 5 5 / 15
 France np N/a 5 5 np 5 15 / 15
 Ireland 5 0 N/a 4 np np 9 / 15
 Italy np 0 1 N/a 4 np 5 / 15
 Scotland 5 np np 0 N/a 5 11 / 15
 Wales 0 0 np np 1 N/a 1 / 15

Table ranking rules[1]

  • Four points are awarded for a win.
  • Two points are awarded for a draw.
  • A bonus point is awarded to a team that scores four or more tries, or loses by seven points or fewer. If a team scores four or more tries, and loses by seven points or fewer, they are awarded both bonus points.
  • Three bonus points are awarded to a team that wins all five of their matches (a Grand Slam). This ensures that a Grand Slam-winning team would top the table with at least 23 points, as there would otherwise be a scenario where a team could win all five matches with no bonus points for a total of 20 points and another team could win four matches with bonus points and lose their fifth match while claiming one or more bonus points giving a total of 21 or 22 points.
  • Tiebreakers
    • If two or more teams are tied on table points, the team with the better points difference (points scored less points conceded) is ranked higher.
    • If the above tiebreaker fails to separate tied teams, the team that scores the higher number of total tries (including penalty tries) in their matches is ranked higher.
    • If two or more teams remain tied after applying the above tiebreakers then those teams will be placed at equal rank; if the tournament has concluded and more than one team is placed first then the title will be shared between them.
The Charm in Harley Manuscript 585 (folio 160)

The Nine Herbs Charm, Nigon Wyrta Galdor, Lay of the Nine Healing Herbs, or Nine Wort Spell (among other names) is an Old English charm recorded in the tenth century AD.[2] It is part of the Anglo-Saxon medical compilation known as Lacnunga, which survives in the manuscript Harley MS 585 in the British Library.[3] The charm involves the preparation of nine plants.

The poem contains one of two clear mentions of the god Woden in Old English poetry; the other is Maxims I of the Exeter Book. Robert K. Gordon's translation of the section reads as follows:

A snake came crawling, it bit a man.
Then Woden took nine glory-twigs,
Smote the serpent so that it flew into nine parts.
There apple brought this pass against poison,
That she nevermore would enter her house.[2]

Nine and three, numbers significant in Germanic paganism and later Germanic folklore, are mentioned frequently throughout the charm.[3]

Scholars have proposed that this passage describes Woden coming to the assistance of the herbs through his use of nine twigs, each twig inscribed with the runic first-letter initial of a plant.[4]

According to Gordon, the poem is "clearly an old heathen thing which has been subjected to Christian censorship."[2] Malcolm Laurence Cameron states that chanting the poem aloud results in a "marvellously incantatory effect".[5]

The nine herbs mentioned are:

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ "Rules". Six Nations Rugby. Archived from the original on February 3, 2024. Retrieved February 3, 2024.
  2. ^ a b c Gordon (1962:92–93).
  3. ^ a b Macleod (2006:127).
  4. ^ Mayr-Harting (1991:27).
  5. ^ Cameron (1993:144).
  6. ^ https://heorot.dk/woden-notes.html
  7. ^ https://spitalfieldslife.com/2018/05/15/the-nine-herbs-charm/
  8. ^ https://www.herbstalk.org/blog/the-nine-sacred-herbs-of-the-saxons
  9. ^ https://spitalfieldslife.com/2018/05/15/the-nine-herbs-charm/
  10. ^ https://www.mimisbrunnr.info/nigon-wyrta-galdor
  11. ^ https://spitalfieldslife.com/2018/05/15/the-nine-herbs-charm/
  12. ^ https://foraginggardener.substack.com/p/re-enchanting-the-nine-herb-charm

References

[edit]
[edit]
Wikisource logo
English Wikisource has original text related to this article:


Victory Shield
The Victory Shield trophy, in use since the Second World War as the first trophy was lost during the war, with the logo of former sponsor Sky Sports
SportFootball
Founded1925
No. of teams4
CountryRepublic of Ireland Republic of Ireland
 Northern Ireland
 Scotland
 Wales
Most recent
champion
 Republic of Ireland

The Victory Shield is an annual football tournament competed for by the under-16 teams of Scotland, Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland and Wales. The Victory Shield had traditionally been competed for by the four Home Nations, but the Football Association withdrew the England team from the tournament "for the foreseeable future" in 2015.[1] The competition was continued after England's withdrawal, with the Republic of Ireland taking their place.[2] The competition was competed by under-15 teams until 2001, when switching to under-16 to fall in line with UEFA competitions.[3]

List of previous winners

[edit]

Original tournament (under-15, three teams)

[edit]

Four-team

[edit]

Post-War (under-15)

[edit]

Under-16 teams

[edit]

Under-16: Republic of Ireland replaces England

[edit]

Overall winners since World War II

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "England to withdraw from the Victory Shield". The Football Association. Retrieved April 21, 2015.
  2. ^ "Scotland Under-16 squad confirmed for Victory Shield". Scottish Football Association. October 19, 2015. Retrieved October 19, 2015.
  3. ^ "Northern Ireland Schoolboys in the Victory Shield". Northern Ireland's Footballing Greats. Jonny Dewart. April 22, 2014. Retrieved July 23, 2018.
  4. ^ "Northern Ireland win Victory Shield". BBC Sport. BBC. November 24, 2000. Retrieved October 19, 2015.
[edit]

| prev = The Curious Case of the Old Hole | next = The Three Fs | season_article = American Dad! season 19 | episode_list = List of American Dad! episodes }}

"Gold Top Nuts" is the tenth episode of the nineteenth season of the American animated television series American Dad!, and the 332nd episode of the series overall. Written by Brett Cawley and Robert Maitia and directed by Jennifer Graves, it was first broadcast on TBS in the United States on September 12, 2022.

The episode was viewed by 390,000 viewers according to Nielsen ratings. The episode received acclaim upon release, and is often considered by critics to be one of the best American Dad! episodes, being featured in several critic's lists for the series' finest episodes.

Plot

[edit]

Production

[edit]
The episode was written by Brett Cawley and Robert Maitia (pictured).

"Gold Top Nuts" is the 200th episode of "American Dad!" in both production number and broadcast order. The episode was direct

Cultural references

[edit]

The ep

Release and reception

[edit]

A Den of Geek listicle placed it #4 as

References

[edit]
[edit]


Europe

[edit]
Country (or region) Poet Sources
Albania Gjergj Fishta, Naim Frashëri [1][2]
Abkhazia Dmitry Gulia [3]
Armenia Hovhannes Tumanyan, Sayat-Nova, Yeghishe Charents [4][5][6]
Austria Franz Grillparzer, Johann Nepomuk Nestroy, Rainer Maria Rilke [7][8][9]
Bashkortostan Rami Garipov, Mustai Karim [10][11][12]
Belarus Yanka Kupala, Yakub Kolas [13][14]
Belgium Emile Verhaeren, Maurice Maeterlinck [15][16]
Catalonia Ausiàs March, Jacint Verdaguer [17][18]
Chechnya Ismail Kerimov [19]
Bosnia and Herzegovina Cemalettin Latic, Mak Dizdar, Izet Sarajlić [20][21]
Bulgaria Hristo Botev, Ivan Vazov [22][23]
Croatia Marko Marulić, Ivan Gundulić [24][25]
Cyprus Vasilis Michaelides [26]
Czech Republic (Czech lands) Karel Hynek Mácha, Jan Neruda [27][28]
Denmark Adam Oehlenschläger, Hans Christian Andersen, N. F. S. Grundtvig [29][30][31]
Faroe Islands William Heinesen, Nólsoyar Páll, Mikkjal á Ryggi [32][33][34]
England Geoffrey Chaucer, William Shakespeare, William Blake, William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Philip Larkin [35][36][37][38][39][40]
Estonia Kristjan Jaak Peterson, Lydia Koidula [41][42]
Finland Eino Leino,[43] Johan Ludvig Runeberg[44]
Flanders Émile Verhaeren, Hendrik Conscience, Guido Gezelle, Hugo Claus [45]
France Charles Baudelaire, Victor Hugo
Galicia Rosalía de Castro, Ramón Cabanillas [46][47]
Georgia Shota Rustaveli
Germany Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Friedrich von Schiller,Heinrich Heine, Friedrich Nietzsche, Friedrich Hölderlin, Hermann Hesse, Stefan George [48]
Gibraltar Héctor Licudi
Greece Homer, Sappho, Solon, Pindar, Dionysios Solomos
Guernsey George Métivier
Hungary Sándor Petőfi, János Arany
Iceland Egill Skallagrímsson, Jónas Hallgrímsson, Hallgrímur Pétursson
Ireland Thomas Moore, William Butler Yeats, Seamus Heaney
Isle of Man T. E. Brown
Italy Ovid, Virgil, Horace, Dante Alighieri, Francesco Petrarca, Giovanni Boccaccio, Giosuè Carducci, Giacomo Leopardi, Ugo Foscolo, Gabriele D'Annunzio
Jersey Wace
Latvia Rainis, Andrejs Pumpurs
Liechtenstein Peter Kaiser
Lithuania Kristijonas Donelaitis, Maironis, Juozas Tumas-Vaižgantas, Justinas Marcinkevičius
Luxembourg Edmond de la Fontaine, Michel Rodange, Michel Lentz
Malta Dun Karm Psaila
Moldova Grigore Vieru, Mihai Eminescu
Monaco Louis Notari
Montenegro Petar II Petrović-Njegoš
Netherlands Joost van den Vondel, Jacob Cats
Friesland Gysbert Japicx (or Japiks)
North Macedonia Kočo Racin, Georgi Pulevski and Kole Nedelkovski
Norway Henrik Wergeland
Occitania Frédéric Mistral
Poland Jan Kochanowski, Adam Mickiewicz, Juliusz Słowacki, Zygmunt Krasiński, Cyprian Norwid
Portugal Luís de Camões, Fernando Pessoa
Provence Frédéric Mistral
Romania Mihai Eminescu
Russia Alexander Pushkin, Anna Akhmatova, Sergei Yesenin, Boris Pasternak, Ivan Bunin, Ivan Turgenev
Dagestan Rasul Gamzatov
North Ossetia-Alania Kosta Khetagurov
San Marino Pio Chiaruzzi
Scotland Robert Burns, Hugh MacDiarmid
Serbia Desanka Maksimović, Petar II Petrović-Njegoš,[49] Jovan Dučić, Aleksa Šantić, Milan Rakić, Jovan Sterija Popović, Jovan Jovanović Zmaj
Kosovo Din Mehmeti, Ali Podrimja
Slovakia Pavol Országh Hviezdoslav
Slovenia France Prešeren
Spain Miguel de Cervantes, Lope de Vega,[50] Federico García Lorca
Styria Peter Rosegger [51]
Sweden Carl Michael Bellman, Gustaf Fröding, Verner von Heidenstam, Esaias Tegnér, Evert Taube
 Switzerland Gottfried Keller, Carl Spitteler
Tatarstan Ğabdulla Tuqay,[52] Musa Cälil,[53] Ravil Fayzullin,[54] Fänis Yarullin [tt][55]
Turkey Mehmet Akif Ersoy, Nâzım Hikmet
Ukraine Taras Shevchenko, Ivan Franko, Lesya Ukrainka
Wales Dylan Thomas, Dafydd ap Gwilym

Origin of names

[edit]

Germanic

[edit]

During the Migration Period, the Germanic names for the cardinal directions entered the Romance languages, where they replaced the Latin names borealis (or septentrionalis) with north, australis (or meridionalis) with south, occidentalis with west and orientalis with east. It is possible that some northern people used the Germanic names for the intermediate directions. Medieval Scandinavian orientation would thus have involved a 45 degree rotation of cardinal directions.[56]

  • north (Proto-Germanic *norþ-) from the proto-Indo-European *nórto-s 'submerged' from the root *ner- 'left, below, to the left of the rising sun' whence comes the Ancient Greek name Nereus.[57]
  • east (*aus-t-) from the word for dawn. The proto-Indo-European form is *austo-s from the root *aues- 'shine (red)'.[58] See Ēostre.
  • south (*sunþ-), derived from proto-Indo-European *sú-n-to-s from the root *seu- 'seethe, boil'.[59] Cognate with this root is the word Sun, thus "the region of the Sun".
  • west (*wes-t-) from a word for "evening". The proto-Indo-European form is *uestos from the root *ues- 'shine (red)',[60] itself a form of *aues-.[61] Cognate with the root are the Latin words vesper and vesta and the Ancient Greek Hestia, Hesperus and Hesperides.

Observer facing eastwards

[edit]

Many languages use names for cardinal directions derived from the viewpoint of a person facing eastwards. Therefore,

  • the term for north often has the same root as "left," Arabic شمال (šimāl)
  • the term for east often has the same root as "front," "before," for example Sanskrit पूर्व (pū́rva), Irish oirthear (literally "facing the horizon")
  • the term for south often has the same root as "right," for example Sanskrit दक्षिण (dákṣiṇa)
  • the term for west often has the same root as "back," "behind"

Other etymologies

[edit]
  • the term for north sometimes derives from a word meaning "cold" as in Russian се́вер (sever), derived from PIE *(s)ḱeh₁w-, "cold, rainy."
    • It can also mean "dark," as in Georgian ჩრდილოეთი (črdiloeti, "land of shadow")
  • the term for east often refers to the sunrise, as in Maori rāwhiti ("sun spring up"), Arabic شرق (šarq, "rise"), or Thai ตะวันออก (tawanok, "sun comes out").
  • the term for south sometimes derives from a word meaning "hot" as in Turkish güney ("sunny").
  • the term for west often refers to the sunset. For example, Latin occidentem, from a verb meaning "to fall down; pass away," or Lao ທິດຕາເວັນຕົກ (thittā wen tok, "direction-sun-fall"), or Armenian արևմուտք (arewmutkʿ). It can also mean "evening," as in Latvian vakarai.

Ancient Egyptian

[edit]

The Ancient Egyptian terms reflect the importance of the Nile to their civilisation.

  • the term for north is mehtet, derived from mehet, "Nile Delta."
  • the term for east is iabet, which also means "left," i.e. the left side of the Nile as one faces southwards.
  • the term for south is resu, from a root meaning "narrow;" the southern part of the Nile is narrow.
  • the term for west is amen, which also means "right," i.e. the right side of the Nile as one faces southwards.

Hawaiian

[edit]

The Hawaiian terms reverse the usual directions and are derived from the viewpoint of a person facing westwards.

  • the term for north is ʻākau, which also means "right."
  • the term for east is hikina, "coming, arrival," referring to the arrival of the sun.
  • the term for south is hema, which also means "left."
  • the term for west is komohana, "entering, sinking," referring to the sun setting into the sea.

Chinese

[edit]

Chinese culture has traditionally viewed south as a fortunate direction

  • the term for north is 北 běi, from a root meaning "back;" a person facing towards the south has the north at his/her back. The character originally meant "back" and depicted two people standing back-to-back.
  • the term for east is 東 dōng, from a root meaning "shining," referring to sunrise. The character depicts the sun rising behind a tree.
  • the term for south is 南 nán, from a root meaning "belly" (indicating a person facing southwards) or "shining, bright," referring to the south being the sunny region (from a Northern Hemisphere point of view). The character may depict the front of a house; Chinese houses were traditionally built facing south.
  • the term for west is 西 xī, derived from roots meaning "fall, go down," referring to sunset. The character is traditionally explained as deriving from a bird settling into its nest.

add all https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_captains_regent_of_San_Marino and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Roman_consuls to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_and_government_who_died_in_office

League ranking

[edit]
Key to colours
     Qualified for round-robin phase by reaching provincial final
     by winning 2022 Tailteann Cup
     based on NFL position
     Will compete in 2023 Tailteann Cup
Ranking Team
1 Mayo NFL champions
2 Galway NFL finalists
3 Roscommon Div 1 - 3rd
4 Tyrone Div 1 - 4th
5 Kerry Div 1 - 5th
6 Monaghan Div 1 - 6th
7 Colours of Derry Dublin Div 2 champions
8 Colours of Dublin Derry Div 2 finalists
9 Armagh Div 1 - 7th
10 Donegal Div 1 - 8th
11 Louth Div 2 - 3rd
12 Cork Div 2 - 4th
13 Kildare Div 2 - 5th
14 Meath Div 2 - 6th
15 Colours of Cavan Cavan Div 3 champions
16 Colours of Fermanagh Fermanagh Div 3 finalists
17 Clare Div 2 - 7th
18 Limerick Div 2 - 8th
19 Down Div 3 - 3rd
20 Westmeath Div 3 - 4th
21 Offaly Div 3 - 5th
22 Antrim Div 3 - 6th
23 Colours of Sligo Sligo Div 4 champions
24 Colours of Wicklow Wicklow Div 4 finalists
25 Longford Div 3 - 7th
26 Tipperary Div 3 - 8th
27 Laois Div 4 - 3rd
28 Leitrim Div 4 - 4th
29 Wexford Div 4 - 5th
30 Carlow Div 4 - 6th
31 Waterford Div 4 - 7th
32 London Div 4 - 8th
33 New York Did not enter
Beckett Mariner
Star Trek: Lower Decks character
File:Beckett Mariner.png
First appearance"Second Contact" (2020)
Star Trek: Lower Decks
Created byMike McMahan
Voiced byTawny Newsome
In-universe information
NicknameBecky (as a child)
SpeciesHuman
GenderFemale
TitleEnsign
OccupationStarfleet officer

Beckett Mariner is a fictional character from the American science fiction animated television series Star Trek: Lower Decks.[62][63][64] Mariner is voiced by Tawny Newsome, who will also reprise the role in a live-action crossover in the second season of Star Trek: Strange New Worlds.[65]

Characterization

[edit]
Tawny Newsome, the voice of Mariner.

Show creator Mike McMahan named Mariner for his sister, Beckett Mariner McMahan, and based Mariner's relationship with her mother on his sister's combative relationship with their own mother.[66][67]

In The Routledge Handbook of Star Trek (2022), Ramón Valle-Jiménez referred to Mariner as "a highly qualified albeit iconoclastic troublemaker, who has been demoted several times for flouting rank and regulations."[68]

Fictional biography

[edit]

Before Lower Decks

[edit]

Beckett Mariner was born some time in the mid-24th century to Alonzo Freeman (voiced by Phil LaMarr) and Carol Freeman (voiced by Dawnn Lewis), both high-ranking Starfleet officers. She spent some of her childhood on Starbase 25, a space station, where she went by the name "Becky."

She attended Starfleet Academy, where she excelled academically, and served aboard Deep Space Nine at some time in the 2370s.

Season 1

[edit]
Main article: Star Trek: Lower Decks (season 1)

After suffering demotion due to indiscipline, Mariner is assigned to the USS Cerritos, a position of low prestige, where she is placed under the supervision of Brad Boimler, a "straight arrow" type who the ship's captain hopes will be a good example to her. Captain Freeman is also, unbeknownst to the rest of the crew, Mariner's mother. (It has not yet been explained why Mariner uses a surname different from that of her parents.)

Over the course of season 1, Mariner gradually bonds with and befriends Boimler, as well as their shiftmates, Sam Rutherford and the Orion D'Vana Tendi. Freeman briefly promotes Mariner to lieutenant in an effort to force her into transferring to another ship, but Mariner is quickly demoted back to ensign.

In the season finale, Boimler accidentally reveals to the crew that Mariner is Captain Freeman's daughter. Mariner helps the crew foil a Pakled attack and makes peace with her mother.

Season 2

[edit]
Main article: Star Trek: Lower Decks (season 2)

Mariner goes on several adventures with the Cerritos crew, and develops a closer relationship with Tendi.

Season 3

[edit]
Main article: Star Trek: Lower Decks (season 3)

Mariner was transferred to Starbase 80 by Captain Carol Freeman after being accused of besmirchcing the USS Cerritos and its crew. She briefly served there before before resigning from Starfleet. (LD: "Trusted Sources") She then became the partner of Petra Aberdeen into the Independent Archaeologists Guild. (LD: "The Stars At Night")


Reception

[edit]

Mariner has been a generally well-received character

References

[edit]
  1. ^ http://www.albanianliterature.net/authors/classical/fishta/index.html
  2. ^ http://www.albanianliterature.net/authors/classical/frasheri/index.html
  3. ^ "The pioneer in everything and the patriarch of Abkhaz literature: about Dmitry Gulia". World Abaza Congress.
  4. ^ https://www.port-magazine.com/film/the-colour-of-pomegranates/
  5. ^ https://asbarez.com/first-english-collection-of-studies-on-yeghishe-charents/
  6. ^ https://allpoetry.com/Hovhannes-Toumanian
  7. ^ https://allpoetry.com/Franz-Grillparzer
  8. ^ https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5699/austrianstudies.22.2014.0215
  9. ^ Austria today. (1984:7). Austria: Austria Today Limited.
  10. ^ "A unique website of the national poet Rami Garipov was created in Bashkortostan". The Cultural World of Bashkortostan.
  11. ^ "Карим Мустай". The Cultural World of Bashkortostan.
  12. ^ "Mustay KARIM about Tukay…". Gabdulla Tukay.
  13. ^ Martin, T. D. (2001:436). The Affirmative Action Empire: Nations and Nationalism in the Soviet Union, 1923-1939. United Kingdom: Cornell University Press.
  14. ^ Tourist Mosaic of Belarus. (2017:480). Russia: ЛитРес.
  15. ^ https://www.the-low-countries.com/article/%C3%A9mile-verhaeren.-the-only-national-poet-belgium-has-ever-had-1
  16. ^ Cultures in Flux: Lower-Class Values, Practices, and Resistance in Late Imperial Russia. (1994:140). Ukraine: Princeton University Press.
  17. ^ "Ausiàs March". www.visat.cat.
  18. ^ https://www.researchgate.net/publication/40424388_Jacint_Verdaguer_national_poet_of_Catalonia
  19. ^ "The Deportation by Ismail Kerimov". Waynakh Online.
  20. ^ https://www.dailysabah.com/arts-culture/2019/02/21/homage-to-bosnian-national-poet
  21. ^ Mahmutćehajić, R. (2015). The Praised and the Virgin. Netherlands: Brill.
  22. ^ Hristo Botev’s birth anniversary Archived 2007-09-27 at the Wayback Machine, Radio Bulgaria History and Religion, posted January 6, 2007, updated on January 12, 2007, accessed 9 March 2007
  23. ^ https://www.jstor.org/stable/4201601
  24. ^ https://cityseeker.com/split/653273-marko-maruli%C4%87-statue
  25. ^ https://pantheon.world/profile/occupation/writer/country/croatia
  26. ^ Ioannides, C. P. (2018:12). Cyprus Under British Colonial Rule: Culture, Politics, and the Movement Toward Union with Greece, 1878–1954. United States: Lexington Books.
  27. ^ Dović, M., Helgason, J. K. (2016:63). National Poets, Cultural Saints: Canonization and Commemorative Cults of Writers in Europe. Netherlands: Brill.
  28. ^ Salcman, M. (2016:90). A Prague Spring, Before & After. United States: Evening Street Press.
  29. ^ https://www.britannica.com/biography/Adam-Gottlob-Oehlenschlager
  30. ^ https://www.pookpress.co.uk/project/hans-christian-andersen-biography/
  31. ^ https://pure.au.dk/portal/en/publications/benign-structures-the-worldview-of-danish-national-poet-pastor-an
  32. ^ Cadence. (1984:60). United States: B. Rusch.
  33. ^ https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/arcadia-2017-0001/html?lang=de
  34. ^ https://catchynomads.com/wandering-the-faroe-islands/
  35. ^ https://www.dltk-kids.com/poems/shakespeare/index.htm
  36. ^ https://reflections.live/articles/3376/in-an-honor-to-the-father-of-english-poetry-geoffrey-chaucer-4520-l1vzvsv5.html
  37. ^ Michael Dobson (November 17, 1994), The Making of the National Poet - Shakespeare, Adaptation and Authorship, 1660-1769, Clarendon Press, ISBN 978-0-19-818323-5
  38. ^ Lachman, G. (2013). The Caretakers of the Cosmos: Living Responsibly in an Unfinished World. United Kingdom: Floris Books.
  39. ^ https://www.digitens.org/en/notices/william-wordsworth-worldly-recluse.html
  40. ^ https://socialistworker.co.uk/socialist-review-archive/philip-larkin-racist-bigot-and-poet/
  41. ^ https://sisu.ut.ee/ewod/k/koidula
  42. ^ Weissmann Travel Planner for Western and Eastern Europe. (1994:59). United States: Weissmann Travel Reports.
  43. ^ "Kansallisrunoilija pelkäsi kansaa", Yleisradio (in Finnish), Helsinki, 2017, retrieved February 7, 2021
  44. ^ "kansallisrunoilija", Kielitoimiston sanakirja (in Finnish), Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten keskus, 2020, retrieved February 7, 2021
  45. ^ https://www.the-low-countries.com/article/%C3%A9mile-verhaeren.-the-only-national-poet-belgium-has-ever-had-1
  46. ^ https://www.lonelyplanet.com/spain/padron/attractions/casa-museo-rosalia-de-castro/a/poi-sig/1534131/1315865
  47. ^ The Harp and the Constitution: Myths of Celtic and Gothic Origin. (2015). Netherlands: Brill.
  48. ^ https://www.jstor.org/stable/3737933
  49. ^ Balazsr2=Michal Kopecek (November 1, 2006). National Romanticism: The Formation of National Movements. Central European University Press. p. 431. ISBN 978-963-7326-60-8. Characteristically, although Njegoš saw himself as a definitely Serbian poet, his epic came to be later canonized as the most important work of 'Yugoslav' literature [...]{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  50. ^ Cite error: The named reference Esterhammer was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  51. ^ https://www.gutenberg.org/files/47533/47533-h/47533-h.htm
  52. ^ "Tatar Leaders and Icons: The Top 10 Notable Personalities". Ulastempat International. January 23, 2024.
  53. ^ Icon "Monument to Musa Jalil". {{cite book}}: |website= ignored (help)
  54. ^ "Museum of national poet Ravil Fayzullin opens in Tatarstan". World Congress of the Tatars.
  55. ^ "The Museum of poet Yarullin Fanis, Russia". pArtify.
  56. ^ See e.g. Weibull, Lauritz. De gamle nordbornas väderstrecksbegrepp. Scandia 1/1928; Ekblom, R. Alfred the Great as Geographer. Studia Neophilologica 14/1941-2; Ekblom, R. Den forntida nordiska orientering och Wulfstans resa till Truso. Förnvännen. 33/1938; Sköld, Tryggve. Isländska väderstreck. Scripta Islandica. Isländska sällskapets årsbok 16/1965.
  57. ^ entries 765-66 of the Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch
  58. ^ entries 86-7 of the Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch
  59. ^ entries 914-15 of the Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch
  60. ^ entries 1173 of the Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch
  61. ^ entries 86-7 of the Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch
  62. ^ https://books.google.ie/books?id=mXeKEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA1980&dq=%22Beckett+Mariner%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjZs6y-wqT9AhVFQEEAHXXtBAUQ6AF6BAgJEAI#v=onepage&q=%22Beckett%20Mariner%22&f=false
  63. ^ https://books.google.ie/books?id=8X4fEAAAQBAJ&pg=PT104&dq=%22Beckett+Mariner%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjZs6y-wqT9AhVFQEEAHXXtBAUQ6AF6BAgHEAI#v=onepage&q=%22Beckett%20Mariner%22&f=false
  64. ^ https://books.google.ie/books?id=szBREAAAQBAJ&pg=PA141&dq=%22Beckett+Mariner%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjZs6y-wqT9AhVFQEEAHXXtBAUQ6AF6BAgIEAI#v=onepage&q=%22Beckett%20Mariner%22&f=false
  65. ^ Pascale, Anthony (July 27, 2022). "Star Trek: Strange New Worlds' Season 2 Going Bigger With Animated Pike, Changed Spock... And More Gorn". TrekMovie.com. Archived from the original on July 27, 2022. Retrieved October 15, 2022.
  66. ^ https://intl.startrek.com/news/below-deck-with-lower-decks-mike-mcmahan-breaks-down-season-one
  67. ^ https://variety.com/2020/tv/news/star-trek-lower-decks-season-1-finale-riker-troi-1234798405/
  68. ^ https://books.google.ie/books?id=LuN4EAAAQBAJ&pg=PT129&dq=%22Beckett+Mariner%22&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjZs6y-wqT9AhVFQEEAHXXtBAUQ6AF6BAgDEAI#v=onepage&q=%22Beckett%20Mariner%22&f=false
[edit]


https://www.discogs.com/release/3623891-Whistler-Chaucer-Detroit-And-Greenhill-The-Unwritten-Works-Of-Geoffrey-Etc

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Other month names

[edit]

January

[edit]
  • Basque: urtarril, from urte ('year'), berri ('new') and hil ('month').[1]
  • Finnish: tammikuu, from tammi (archaic meaning: "heart, core, axis") and kuu (“month”); January marks the center of the winter
  • Czech: leden, from led, meaning "ice".
  • Lithuanian: sausis, from sausa, meaning "dry".
  • Navajo: Yas Niłtʼees, "snow" and "frying, roasting."
  • Northern Sami: ođđajagimánnu, from ođđajahki (“new year”) and‎ mánnu (“month”).
  • North Frisian: ismoune, "ice month."
  • Ojibwe: gichi-manidoo-giizis, "big spirit moon."
  • Old English: æfterra ġēola, "after Yule."
  • Scottish Gaelic: am Faoilleach, "time of the wolf's house" (from am, "time"; faol, "wolf"; and teach, "house".)
  • Turkish: ocak, meaning "stove" or "fireplace."
  • Võro: vahtsõaastakuu, meaning "recent year’s month."
  • In several Slavic languages, the month name derives from Proto-Slavic *sěčьńь, referring to "cutting down trees": Polish styczeń, Kashubian stëcznik, Ukrainian січень (sichen) and Croatian siječanj.[2]

February

[edit]
  • In several Slavic languages, the month name derives from Proto-Slavic *ljutъ, meaning "fierce, harsh": Polish luty, Kashubian stëcznik, Ukrainian лю́тий (lyútiy) and Belarusian лю́ты (lyúty).[3]
  • Albanian: shkurt, meaning "short", as it is the shortest month.
  • Basque: otsail, from otso ('wolf') and hil ('month').
  • Czech: únor, from the verb nořit, which means “to immerse, submerge”, referring to lands being submerged in thawing snow.
  • Finnish: helmikuu, "pearl month", possibly referring to the pearly appearance of ice.[4]
  • Kashubian: gromicznik, from gromica, meaning "Candlemas", itself derived from a Slavic word for thunder.
  • Lithuanian: vasãris, meaning "summer-like".[5][6]
  • Navajo: Atsá Biyáázh, "eagle and her chicks."
  • Ojibwe: namebini-giizis, "suckerfish moon."
  • Old English: solmonaþ, "mud month."
  • Scottish Gaelic: Gearran, from gearr, "short."
  • Skolt Sami: täʹlvvmään, "winter month."
  • Serbo-Croatian: veljača (вѐљача), related to valjati, "to roll", referring to unstable, changeable weather.
  • Turkish: şubat, ultimately from Babylonian šabaṭu, which some sources translate as “destructive rain”
  • Võro: radokuu, from rado (“rut”) and and kuu (“month”), referring to the wolf's rut.

March

[edit]
  • In several Slavic languages, the month name derives from Proto-Slavic *berza, meaning "birch": Czech březen, Ukrainian бе́резень (bérezen’) and Belarusian лю́ты (lyúty).[7]
  • Belarusian: сакавік (sakavik), from сок (sok), meaning "sap"; March is the time when sap begins to circulate in the trees.[8]
  • Croatian: ožujak, from Proto-Slavic *lъžujьkъ, a derivative of *lъžь (“lie”); therefore "deceitful, deceptive month".
  • Finnish: maaliskuu, from maallinen (“earthly, earthen”) and kuu, "month." The snow melts and the earth is visible.[9]
  • Lithuanian: kovas, maybe referring to the rook, or to kova ("fight").
  • Võro: urbõkuu, "catkin month."[10]

April

[edit]
  • Finnish: huhtikuu, from huhta (“cleared field, burned area”) and kuu, "month."[11]

May

[edit]
  • Finnish: toukokuu, from touko (“sowing”) and kuu, "month."[12]

June

[edit]
  • Finnish: kesäkuu, from kesä (“fallow”) and kuu, "month." In June, fallow land is ploughed.[13]

July

[edit]
  • Finnish: heinäkuu, from heinä (“hay”) and kuu, "month."[14]

August

[edit]
  • Finnish: elokuu, from elo (“crops”) and kuu, "month."[15]

September

[edit]

October

[edit]
  • Finnish: lokakuu, from loka (“mud”) and kuu, "month."[17]

November

[edit]
  • Finnish: marraskuu, from marras (“death”) and kuu, "month." The land "dies" in November.[18]

December

[edit]
  1. ^ https://www.indy100.com/article/how-to-say-january-european-languages-map-8139566
  2. ^ https://jakubmarian.com/january-in-european-languages/
  3. ^ https://jakubmarian.com/february-in-european-languages/
  4. ^ https://books.google.ie/books?id=Ld9BBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT33&dq=helmikuu+pearl&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjClMfpw-ziAhXAUxUIHbpEDm4Q6AEINDAC#v=onepage&q=helmikuu%20pearl&f=false
  5. ^ https://books.google.ie/books?id=zniWDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT351&lpg=PT351&dq=vas%C3%A3ris+summer&source=bl&ots=UvFmMtB2Qd&sig=ACfU3U0q7XEtVqyXjaRDXNKZxV5Ka-imOQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwje6Mucv-ziAhWPUBUIHS6WBxUQ6AEwAHoECAkQAQ#v=onepage&q=vas%C3%A3ris%20summer&f=false
  6. ^ https://books.google.ie/books?id=YJClCwAAQBAJ&pg=PT36&lpg=PT36&dq=vas%C3%A3ris+summer&source=bl&ots=Pd2WAqkZKj&sig=ACfU3U3zSBPZ-rbfMa7lA7ePBEEabcQt2Q&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwje6Mucv-ziAhWPUBUIHS6WBxUQ6AEwAXoECAgQAQ#v=onepage&q=vas%C3%A3ris%20summer&f=false
  7. ^ https://jakubmarian.com/february-in-european-languages/
  8. ^ https://tiny-loudness.tumblr.com/post/164760692493/the-months-of-the-year-in-belarusian
  9. ^ https://books.google.ie/books?id=Ld9BBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT33&dq=helmikuu+pearl&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjClMfpw-ziAhXAUxUIHbpEDm4Q6AEINDAC#v=onepage&q=helmikuu%20pearl&f=false
  10. ^ https://jakubmarian.com/march-in-european-languages/
  11. ^ https://books.google.ie/books?id=Ld9BBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT33&dq=helmikuu+pearl&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjClMfpw-ziAhXAUxUIHbpEDm4Q6AEINDAC#v=onepage&q=helmikuu%20pearl&f=false
  12. ^ https://books.google.ie/books?id=Ld9BBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT33&dq=helmikuu+pearl&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjClMfpw-ziAhXAUxUIHbpEDm4Q6AEINDAC#v=onepage&q=helmikuu%20pearl&f=false
  13. ^ https://books.google.ie/books?id=Ld9BBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT33&dq=helmikuu+pearl&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjClMfpw-ziAhXAUxUIHbpEDm4Q6AEINDAC#v=onepage&q=helmikuu%20pearl&f=false
  14. ^ https://books.google.ie/books?id=Ld9BBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT33&dq=helmikuu+pearl&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjClMfpw-ziAhXAUxUIHbpEDm4Q6AEINDAC#v=onepage&q=helmikuu%20pearl&f=false
  15. ^ https://books.google.ie/books?id=Ld9BBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT33&dq=helmikuu+pearl&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjClMfpw-ziAhXAUxUIHbpEDm4Q6AEINDAC#v=onepage&q=helmikuu%20pearl&f=false
  16. ^ https://books.google.ie/books?id=Ld9BBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT33&dq=helmikuu+pearl&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjClMfpw-ziAhXAUxUIHbpEDm4Q6AEINDAC#v=onepage&q=helmikuu%20pearl&f=false
  17. ^ https://books.google.ie/books?id=Ld9BBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT33&dq=helmikuu+pearl&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjClMfpw-ziAhXAUxUIHbpEDm4Q6AEINDAC#v=onepage&q=helmikuu%20pearl&f=false
  18. ^ https://books.google.ie/books?id=Ld9BBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT33&dq=helmikuu+pearl&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjClMfpw-ziAhXAUxUIHbpEDm4Q6AEINDAC#v=onepage&q=helmikuu%20pearl&f=false
  19. ^ https://books.google.ie/books?id=Ld9BBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT33&dq=helmikuu+pearl&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjClMfpw-ziAhXAUxUIHbpEDm4Q6AEINDAC#v=onepage&q=helmikuu%20pearl&f=false
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