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Tomarza

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Tomarza
District and municipality
Aslantaş Village in Tomarza
Aslantaş Village in Tomarza
Official logo of Tomarza
Logo
Map showing Tomarza District in Kayseri Province
Map showing Tomarza District in Kayseri Province
Tomarza is located in Turkey
Tomarza
Tomarza
Location in Turkey
Tomarza is located in Turkey Central Anatolia
Tomarza
Tomarza
Tomarza (Turkey Central Anatolia)
Coordinates: 38°26′50″N 35°47′57″E / 38.44722°N 35.79917°E / 38.44722; 35.79917
CountryTurkey
ProvinceKayseri
Government
 • MayorOsman Koç[1] (TOMARZA İTTİFAKI)
Area
1,405 km2 (542 sq mi)
Elevation
1,330 m (4,360 ft)
Population
 (2022)[2]
21,100
 • Density15.0/km2 (38.9/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+3 (TRT)
Postal code
38900
Area code0352
Websitewww.tomarza.bel.tr

Tomarza, formerly known as Dumarza (Armenian: Դումարզա), is a municipality and district of Kayseri Province, Turkey.[3] Its area is 1,405 km2,[4] and its population is 21,100 (2022).[2] The mayor is Osman Koç (İYİP).

Tomarza is a famous city for its pumpkin seeds production. According to Gida Tarim,[5] Tomarza is one of the important pumpkin seed production centers in Turkey. While 60 percent of the snack pumpkin seeds produced in Turkey are met by Kayseri, 25 percent of the production in Kayseri comes from the city of Tomarza. Pumpkin seeds will be planted on 40 thousand acres of land. In 2020, 5 thousand 500 tons of harvest were obtained from the pumpkin seeds for snacks planted on 40 thousand acres of land in Tomarza. Other important activities are potato production, and sheep, goat and cattle-raising.

History

[edit]

The area of present-day Tomarza has been inhabited since antiquity and formed part of the historical region of Cappadocia. Archaeological finds discovered in the district and nearby settlements, including ancient sculptures, coins and reliefs, indicate continuous human occupation dating back to the ancient period.[6]

During antiquity, the district lay within the sphere of influence of the ancient city of Comana, one of the most important religious centres of Cappadocia. Located on the upper course of the Sarus (modern Seyhan) River, Comana was renowned for its temple dedicated to the goddess Ma and served as a major religious and administrative centre during the Hellenistic and Roman periods.[7][8]

During the Byzantine period, the area of present-day Tomarza formed part of the theme of Cappadocia, an important frontier region of the Byzantine Empire. The district lay along routes connecting central Anatolia with Cilicia and eastern Anatolia, and remained predominantly Christian until the arrival of the Seljuk Turks in the late eleventh century. Archaeological remains and rock-cut religious sites in the wider Cappadocia region attest to the area's importance within Byzantine Anatolia.[9]

Following the Battle of Manzikert in 1071, the region gradually came under Turkish control. Various Turkic groups, including Avşar tribes, settled in the area during the Seljuk and subsequent periods. Under Ottoman rule, Tomarza remained a settlement within the Kayseri region and retained its present name.[10]

During the Ottoman period, Tomarza and its surrounding villages were home to a significant Armenian population alongside Muslim communities. The district formed part of the wider Armenian-inhabited region of eastern Cappadocia, and numerous churches, monasteries, schools, and cemeteries existed in the area during the nineteenth century. According to Ottoman census records and ecclesiastical sources, Armenians constituted a substantial proportion of the population in several settlements of the district and were active in agriculture, trade, and crafts.[11] [12]

The Armenian population of the district declined sharply during the events of the First World War. Most surviving Armenians were subsequently displaced, emigrated, or resettled elsewhere, resulting in the near disappearance of the historic Armenian community from Tomarza and its villages.[13]

In 1864, following the Ottoman Vilayet Law, Tomarza became a nahiye (subdistrict) of Develi. A municipal administration was established in 1948, and in 1953 Tomarza was separated from Develi and became an independent district of Kayseri Province.[14]

After the population exchange between Greece and Turkey in the 1920s, immigrant Turkish families were settled in Tomarza and its surrounding villages. Additional migrants from Bulgaria arrived in the district during the 1930s, 1940s and 1950s, contributing to its modern demographic composition.[15]

[edit]
  • Tomaraza-St. Astvatsatsin Church
    Tomaraza-St. Astvatsatsin Church
  • Armenian Cathedral, 18th/19th century
    Armenian Cathedral, 18th/19th century
  • Tomarza Panagia (St. Mary's Greek Church) ruins 1908
    Tomarza Panagia (St. Mary's Greek Church) ruins 1908
  • Toklar Republic Day celebration boarding school festival
    Toklar Republic Day celebration boarding school festival
  • A view of a river from Dadaloğlu town in Tomarza district
    A view of a river from Dadaloğlu town in Tomarza district

Composition

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There are 54 neighbourhoods in Tomarza District:[16]

  • Akdere
  • Akmezar
  • Arslantaş
  • Avşarsöğütlü
  • Bektaş
  • Böke
  • Bostanlık
  • Büyükcanlı
  • Büyüksüvegen
  • Çanakpınar
  • Çayinli
  • Cücün
  • Çukurağaç
  • Çulha
  • Cumhuriyet
  • Dadaloğlu
  • Dağyurdu
  • Ekinli
  • Emiruşağı
  • Göktepe
  • Gülveren
  • Güzelce
  • Güzelsu
  • Hacıpaşa
  • İcadiye
  • İmamkullu
  • İncili
  • Işıklar
  • Kaleköy
  • Kapıkaya
  • Karamuklu
  • Karaören
  • Kesir
  • Kevenağıl
  • Kızılören
  • Koçcagız
  • Kömürköy
  • Köprüköy
  • Küçükcanlı
  • Kurtuluş
  • Melikören
  • Pusatlı
  • Sarımehmetli
  • Şeyhbarak
  • Şiraz
  • Söğütlü
  • Tahtakemer
  • Tatarköy
  • Toklar
  • Turanlı
  • Üçkonak
  • Yavuz Selim
  • Yeni
  • Yeşilbağ

Climate

[edit]

Tomarza has a warm summer continental climate (Dfb) with cold winters and very warm, dry summers with cool nights. Rainfall occurs mostly during the spring and early summer.

Climate data for Tomarza, Kayseri province (1988-2012)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 1
(34) 		3
(37) 		8
(46) 		15
(59) 		19
(66) 		23
(73) 		27
(81) 		28
(82) 		24
(75) 		18
(64) 		10
(50) 		4
(39) 		15
(59)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −9
(16) 		−7
(19) 		−3
(27) 		1
(34) 		4
(39) 		7
(45) 		9
(48) 		9
(48) 		5
(41) 		2
(36) 		−2
(28) 		−5
(23) 		1
(34)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 38
(1.5) 		42
(1.7) 		44
(1.7) 		54
(2.1) 		55
(2.2) 		41
(1.6) 		11
(0.4) 		8
(0.3) 		17
(0.7) 		34
(1.3) 		38
(1.5) 		45
(1.8) 		427
(16.8)
Source: Weather2[17]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Kayseri Olay Haber". Retrieved 3 April 2024.
  2. ^ a b "Address-based population registration system (ADNKS) results dated 31 December 2022, Favorite Reports" (XLS). TÜİK. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  3. ^ Büyükşehir İlçe Belediyesi, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  4. ^ "İl ve İlçe Yüz ölçümleri". General Directorate of Mapping. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  5. ^ "Kayseri'de kabak çekirdeği ekimi başladı". 17 May 2021.
  6. ^ "Tomarza İlçesi". Kayseri Governorship. Retrieved 2 June 2026.
  7. ^ "Comana". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2 June 2026.
  8. ^ "Comana (Cappadocia)". Retrieved 2 June 2026.
  9. ^ Whittow, Mark (1996). The Making of Byzantium, 600–1025. University of California Press.
  10. ^ "Tomarza İlçesi". Kayseri Governorship. Retrieved 2 June 2026.
  11. ^ Cuinet, Vital (1890). La Turquie d'Asie. Vol. 1. Paris: Ernest Leroux.
  12. ^ Hovannisian, Richard G., ed. (2013). Armenian Kesaria/Kayseri and Cappadocia. Mazda Publishers.
  13. ^ Kévorkian, Raymond H. (2011). The Armenian Genocide: A Complete History. I.B. Tauris.
  14. ^ "Tarihçe". Tomarza District Governorate. Retrieved 2 June 2026.
  15. ^ "Tomarza İlçesi". Kayseri Governorship. Retrieved 2 June 2026.
  16. ^ Mahalle, Turkey Civil Administration Departments Inventory. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  17. ^ "Tomarza, Turkey Travel Weather Averages (Weatherbase)".
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