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Shintaro Katsu

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Shintaro Katsu
(Shintaro Katsu in 1955)
Born
Toshio Okumura

(1931-11-29)29 November 1931
Fukagawa, Tokyo, Japan
Died21 June 1997(1997-06-21) (aged 65)
Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan
OccupationsActor, singer, producer, writer and director
Years active1954–97
SpouseTamao Nakamura
Websitehttps://katsushintaro.com/

Shintaro Katsu (Japanese: 勝 新太郎, Hepburn: Katsu Shintarō; 29 November 1931 – 21 June 1997) was a Japanese actor, singer, and filmmaker. He is known for starring in the Akumyo series, the Hoodlum Soldier series, the Hanzo the Razor series, and the Zatoichi series.

Life and career

[edit]

Born Toshio Okumura (奥村 利夫 Okumura Toshio) on 29 November 1931. He was the son of Minoru Okumura (奥村 実), a noted kabuki performer who went by the stage name Katsutōji Kineya (杵屋 勝東治) and who was renowned for his nagauta and shamisen skills. He was the younger brother of actor Tomisaburo Wakayama.

Shintaro Katsu began his career in entertainment as a shamisen player. He switched to acting because he noticed it was better paid. In the 1960s he starred simultaneously in three long-running series of films, the Akumyo series, the Hoodlum Soldier series, and the Zatoichi series.

He played the role of blind masseur Zatoichi in a series of 25 films between 1962 and 1973, in 100 episodes across a four season television series from 1974 to 1979, and in a 26th and final film in 1989, which he also directed.[1]

In 1967, Katsu formed the company Katsu Productions.[2]

In 1972, Katsu Productions released the initial chanbara film in a trilogy with the Hanzo the Razor: Sword of Justice based on a gekiga by Koike Kazuo. Hanzo the Razor: The Snare would be released in 1973, and Hanzo the Razor: Who's Got the Gold? in 1974.

Katsu had a troubled personal life. A heavy drinker, Katsu had several brushes with the law over drug use as well, including marijuana, opium and cocaine with arrests in 1978, 1990 and 1992.[3]

He had also developed a reputation as a troublemaker on set. When director Akira Kurosawa cast him for the lead role in Kagemusha (1980), Katsu left before the first day of shooting was over.[4] Though accounts differ as to the incident, the most consistent one details Katsu's clash with Kurosawa regarding bringing his own film crew to the set (to film Kurosawa in action for later exhibition to his own acting students).[5][6] Kurosawa is reputed to have taken great offense at this, resulting in Katsu's termination (he was replaced by Tatsuya Nakadai). In her book, Waiting on the Weather, about her experiences with director Kurosawa, script supervisor Teruyo Nogami chalks the differences between Katsu and Kurosawa up to a personality clash that had unfortunate artistic results.[7]

He was the husband of actress Tamao Nakamura (married in 1962), and father of actor Ryutaro Gan (Gan Ryūtarō).[8]

Stunt actor Yukio Kato was killed on the set of the 26th Zatoichi film by Katsu's son, who was co-starring, when an actual sword was mistaken for a prop, fatally wounding Kato.

In her book, Geisha, A Life, Kyoto geisha Mineko Iwasaki claimed to have had a long time affair with Katsu, whom she calls by his given name, Toshio. The affair ended in 1976, and eventually the two became good friends until his death.[citation needed]

Katsu produced the manga-based Lone Wolf and Cub (Kozure Okami) series of jidaigeki films starring his brother Tomisaburo Wakayama, two of which were later compiled into the movie Shogun Assassin, as well as co-writing, producing, and acting alongside his brother in the TV jidaigeki series Oshizamurai Kiichihōgan (Mute Samurai) and Tsūkai! Kōchiyama Sōshun.

His other television work includes the police drama Keishi-K [Wikidata] (Superintendent K) which he starred in (as Katsutoshi Gatsu), co-wrote, directed, and produced. His daughter, Masami Okumura [Wikidata], co-starred.

His film work includes the Hanzo the Razor series as Detective Itami Hanzo. He was also an accomplished shamisen player, as well as a vocalist, recording several albums in both pop and Enka.

He died of pharyngeal cancer on 21 June 1997.

Marital Relations

[edit]

Initial Co-stars and Marriage (1955 – 1960s)

[edit]

In 1955, Shintaro Katsu, an actor, and Tamao Nakamura, an actress, who were both under Daiei Film Co., Ltd. at the time, made their first appearance together in the film Kankanmushi wa Utau (The Cancan Insect Sings)[9], marking the beginning of numerous subsequent film collaborations. Reflecting on those years, Katsu later recalled, "I never had a single thought that I would end up marrying Tamao-chan." However, while co-starring in the film Shiranui Kengyo (The Blind Menace) (1960), during their intense clash of acting on set, Katsu found himself unconsciously drawn to Tamao's feminine charm and the inner resilience of her character.[10]

During their dating period, Tamao cheerfully agreed with and yielded to whatever Katsu said or did, always responding with "Yes, yes."[11] However, exactly on the very day following their engagement in 1961, Katsu realized that their personalities were fundamentally incompatible[12]. This realization struck him as Tamao’s strong-willed nature became exposed, prompting Katsu to later recall his mindset at that moment: "It seems I made a mistake (in choosing her)."[11]

On March 7, 1962, the couple held their wedding ceremony at the Imperial Hotel in Tokyo[13]. However, their views on family were entirely different. Katsu loathed tranquility and could not stand the domestic atmosphere, stating that he could only be satisfied by constantly moving around[14]; in contrast, Tamao yearned to establish an ideal family[15]. Furthermore, their vastly different economic concepts rendered them incompatible. At the time of their marriage, relatives and friends remarked, "A colander and a tightly bound pouch have married." As they said, shortly after the marriage, Tamao regretted marrying an outrageous person, and Katsu himself also revealed that marrying Tamao was a mistake.[16]

Within the very year of their marriage (1962), the couple began to quarrel, and Tamao returned to her parents' home repeatedly[17]. In the following year, 1963, Katsu moved out of the house and resided regularly at the Hotel Fujita in Kyoto, and the two began living separately[18]. After this, the two quarreled intensely, and it turned into a "regular league match"[19]. Around 1964, Katsu expressed an intention to divorce Tamao but was dissuaded by close associates and reconsidered[20]. In 1965, the marital crisis became exposed to the public through the media[17][19], but it ultimately came to nothing.

According to numerous published reports, Tamao managed Katsu in crowded public places[16][21], and challenged Katsu or competed for victory in various aspects of daily life[22][16][21][23]. Furthermore, she lost her temper in professional social settings due to marital dissatisfaction, trampling Katsu's dignity and leaving him behind to depart alone[24]; moreover, after scaring off the guests at their home late at night, she fiercely slapped Katsu across the face with blazing fury[25]. Katsu neither felt Tamao as a woman[16] nor recognized her as his spouse[12]. Meanwhile, Katsu, who was well-known for being popular among women[14], was rumored to have affairs[26]. While Tamao loathed his unfaithfulness[21], Katsu regularly encouraged Tamao to commit adultery herself[14]—the two stood opposed in their perceptions of companionship and fidelity.

The 1971 Divorce Declaration and Separate Lifestyles (1970s)

[edit]

For the sake of their children attending an international school to properly learn English, Tamao moved with their two children from Kyoto to Yokohama, while Katsu had to remain in Kyoto for work[26]. The two lived in different locations, adding a further layer of complexity to this marriage.

On the night of August 17, 1971, at the Katsu Production office in Roppongi, Tokyo, Tamao's interference in company business caused a heated argument between Katsu and Tamao. When Tamao proposed a separation, Katsu stated, "I have been waiting for those words for ten years," and immediately notified reporters to announce a "divorce declaration." Afterward, Katsu went abroad for performances, during which period Tamao consistently insisted that she would not divorce[16].

After weeks of turmoil, it is said that Tamao knelt and kowtowed before Katsu to apologize, pleading, "No matter what, please let me stay." Katsu replied, "I am not going to change my lifestyle."[27] On September 13, 1971, Katsu issued a declaration dissolving the divorce[28]; on the same day, Tamao held a solitary press conference[28], stating, "I am filled with a sense of self-reflection. From now on, I want to do my utmost for my husband."[29] Only then did this divorce controversy come to an end.

Afterward, the two tried to avoid conflict, and Katsu did not travel with Tamao. Even when they needed to travel abroad together for social purposes, they would travel to the airport in separate cars; this was to avoid situations where they could not go together and return together due to arguing inside the car[30]. Katsu expressed that once filming began for television dramas such as Zatoichi, they lived separately and he did not return home even once in half a year; he stated, "Since we do not see each other often, it is quite good."[11]

Bankruptcy of Katsu Production and Successive Crises (1980s)

[edit]

In September 1981, Katsu Production went bankrupt due to massive debts. According to reports, Tamao, who was one of the directors, proposed a divorce, to which Katsu roared, "Are you abandoning me?" Ultimately, Katsu vowed to make a comeback as an actor, and Tamao assumed the position of president to tide over the crisis[31]. Subsequently, in March 1982, their children were arrested on suspicion of violating the Cannabis Control Act. After the couple engaged in a fierce conflict regarding educational methods and responsibility, it was reported that Tamao proposed a divorce with a separation method where "the son goes to the father, and the daughter goes to the mother." A state of cold war between the couple had reportedly persisted since then.[31]

Later Years Together and the End (1990s)

[edit]

In the 1990s, Katsu consistently rejected offers to play supporting roles in films[32]; with his film work and economic activities largely stagnant, he lived on the assistance of friends[33]. During this period, although there were conflicts as before, the two lived together as a couple in their apartment in Tokyo[33][34]. In 1996, to celebrate the birthday of Katsu's close friend, the painter Balthus, the couple made their first and final trip together as just the two of them (a Swiss trip of about two days)[35].

Tamao had previously proposed multiple projects to play the leading role in films directed by Katsu, but none came to fruition. The final time she was recognized by Katsu as an actress was in the 1996 stage play Meoto Zenzai (Marital Relations) which they performed together; however, during the tour of the show, Katsu was discovered to have cancer[36].

Although Tamao achieved massive success on variety television programs since 1994, Katsu did not financially rely on his wife. During his recuperation period, Katsu gave his father's heirloom (katami) shamisen as a token of gratitude to the sponsor who was willing to continuously sign checks and provide financial aid until the very end[37].On June 21, 1997, Katsu passed away before Tamao's eyes. It was as Tamao stated, "Just when I felt we had become like a real married couple finally, he died."[35]


Filmography

[edit]

As actor

[edit]
Year Title Japanese Romanization Character
1955 A Girl Isn't Allowed to Love 薔薇いくたびか Bara ikutabika Akira Takakura
1956 Migratory Birds of the Flowers 花の渡り鳥 Hana no Wataridori
1956 The Renyasai Yagyu Hidden Story 柳生連也斎 秘伝月影抄 Yagyū Ren'yasai Hidentsuki Kageshō
1956 Sisters of the Gion 祇園の姉妹 Gion no shimai
1956 まらそん侍 Marason zamurai
1956 Ghost-Cat of Gojusan-Tsugi 怪猫五十三次 Kaibyo Gojusan-tsugi
1956 月形半平太 Tsukigata Hanpeita
1957 An Osaka Story 大阪物語 Osaka monogatari
1957 二十九人の喧嘩状 Nijūkyū-nin no Kenka-jō
1957 Ghost Cat of Yonaki Swamp 怪猫夜泣き沼 Kaibyo Yonaki numa
1958 Nichiren and the Great Mongol Invasion 日蓮と蒙古大襲来 Nichiren to mōko daishūrai
1958 The Gay Masquerade 弁天小僧 Benten kozō
1958 The Loyal 47 Ronin 忠臣蔵 Chūshingura
1958 Ghost-Cat Wall of Hatred 怪猫呪いの壁 Kaibyō noroi no kabe
1959 Samurai Vendetta 薄桜記 Hakuōki
1959 関の弥太っぺ Seki no yatappe
1959 紅あざみ Beni azami
1959 Beauty Is Guilty 美貌に罪あり Bibō ni tsumi ari
1959 初春狸御殿 Hatsuharu tanuki gotten
1960 続次郎長富士 Zoku Jirocho Fuji
1960 The Demon of Mount Oe 大江山酒呑童子 Ooe-yama Shuten-dōji Watanabe no Tsuna
1960 Secrets of a Court Masseur
also titled The Blind Menace
and Agent Shiranui		 不知火檢校 Shiranui kengyō
1960 月の出の決闘 Tsukinode no ketto
1961 水戸黄門海を渡る Mito komon umi o wataru
1961 風と雲と砦 Kaze to kumo to toride
1961 花くらべ狸道中 Hanakurabe tanuki dochu
1961 Blind Devotion みだれ髪 Midaregami
1961 Tough Guy 悪名 Akumyō Asakichi
1961 Buddha 釈迦 Shaka Devadatta
1961 Tough Guy, Part 2 続悪名 Zoku akumyo Asakichi
1962 The Whale God 鯨神 Kujira gami
1962 The Tale of Zatoichi 座頭市物語 Zatōichi monogatari Ichi
1962 New Bad Reputation 新悪名 Shin akumyo Asakichi
1962 The Great Wall 秦・始皇帝 Shin no shikōtei
1962 The Tale of Zatoichi Continues 続・座頭市物語 Zoku Zatōichi monogatari Ichi
1962 New Bad Reputation Continues 続・新悪名 Zoku shin akumyo Asakichi
1963 The Money Dance ど根性物語 銭の踊り Dokonjo monogatari – zeni no odori
1963 第三の悪名 Daisan no akumyo Asakichi
1963 An Actor's Revenge 雪之丞変化 Yukinojo henge
1963 New Tale of Zatoichi 新・座頭市物語 Shin Zatōichi monogatari Ichi
1963 悪名市場 Akumyo ichiba Asakichi
1963 Zatoichi The Fugitive 座頭市兇状旅 Zatōichi kyojo tabi Ichi
1963 悪名波止場 Akumyo hatoba Asakichi
1963 Zatoichi on the Road 座頭市喧嘩旅 Zatōichi kenka-tabi Ichi
1963 悪名一番 Akumyo ichiban Asakichi
1964 Zatoichi and the Chest of Gold 座頭市千両首 Zatōichi senryō-kubi Ichi
1964 駿河遊侠伝 賭場荒し Suruga yūkyōden: Toba arashi
1964 Zatoichi's Flashing Sword 座頭市あばれ凧 Zatōichi abare tako Ichi
1964 悪名太鼓 Akumyo daiko Asakichi
1964 駿河遊侠伝 破れ鉄火 Suruga yūkyōden yabure tekka
1964 Fight, Zatoichi, Fight 座頭市血笑旅 Zatōichi kesshō-tabi Ichi
1964 Kojiki Taishō 乞食大将 Kojiki taisho Gotō Matabei
1964 If You're Happy, Clap Your Hands 幸せなら手をたたこう Shiawasa nara te wo tatakou
1964 Adventures of Zatoichi 座頭市関所破り Zatōichi sekisho yaburi Ichi
1964 Rōnin-gai
1964 ど根性物語 図太い奴 Dokonjō monogatari: Zubutoiyatsu
1965 駿河遊侠伝 度胸がらす Suruga yūkyōden: Dokyō garasu
1965 The Hoodlum Soldier 兵隊やくざ Heitai yakuza Kisaburo Omiya
1965 Zatoichi's Revenge 座頭市二段斬り Zatōichi nidan-kiri Ichi
1965 Akumyo nobori Asakichi
1965 Life of Matsu the Untamed 無法松の一生 Muhomatsu no issho
1965 Zatoichi and the Doomed Man 座頭市逆手斬り Zatōichi sakate giri Ichi
1965 悪名無敵 Akumyo muteki Asakichi
1965 Zatoichi and the Chess Expert 座頭市地獄旅 Zatōichi Jigoku tabi Ichi
1965 Hoodlum Soldier and the C.O. 続・兵隊やくざ Zoku heitai yakuza Ichi
1966 悪名桜 Akumyo zakura Asakichi
1966 Zatoichi's Vengeance 座頭市の歌が聞える Zatōichi no uta ga kikoeru Ichi
1966 Zatoichi's Pilgrimage 座頭市海を渡る Zatōichi umi o wataru Ichi
1966 Hoodlum Soldier Deserts Again 新・兵隊やくざ Shin heitai yakuza
1966 兵隊やくざ 脱獄 Heitai yakuza datsugoku
1966 兵隊やくざ 大脱走 Heitai yakuza daidassō
1967 The Hoodlum Priest やくざ坊主 Yakuza bozu
1967 兵隊やくざ 俺にまかせろ Heitai yakuza ore ni makasero
1967 Zatoichi's Cane Sword 座頭市鉄火旅 Zatōichi tekka tabi Ichi
1967 悪名一代 Akumyo ichidai Asakichi
1967 Zatoichi the Outlaw 座頭市牢破り Zatōichi rōyaburi Ichi
1967 Hoodlum Soldier on the Attack 兵隊やくざ 殴り込み Heitai yakuza nagurikomi
1967 Zatoichi Challenged 座頭市血煙り街道 Zatōichi chikemuri kaidō Ichi
1968 続やくざ坊主 Zoku yakuza bozu
1968 とむらい師たち Tomuraishi tachi
1968 兵隊やくざ 強奪 Heitai yakuza godatsu
1968 悪名十八番 Akumyo juhachi-ban Asakichi
1968 The Man Without a Map 燃えつきた地図 Moetsukita chizu
1968 Zatoichi and the Fugitives 座頭市果し状 Zatōichi hatashi-jō Ichi
1968 Samaritan Zatoichi 座頭市喧嘩太鼓 Zatōichi kenka-daiko Ichi
1969 Devil's Temple 鬼の棲む館 Oni no sumu yakata
1969 Hitokiri 人斬り Hitokiri Okada Izō
1969 The Magoichi Saga 尻啖え孫市 Shirikurae Magoichi Oda Nobunaga
1969 悪名一番勝負 Akumyo ichiban shobu Asakichi
1970 喧嘩屋一代 どでかい奴 Kenka ichidai: Dodekai yatsu
1970 Zatoichi Meets Yojimbo 座頭市と用心棒 Zatōichi to Yōjinbō Ichi
1970 玄海遊侠伝 破れかぶれ Genkai yūkyōden: Yabure kabure
1970 Incident at Blood Pass 待ち伏せ Machibuse
1970 Yakuza Zessyō やくざ絶唱 Yakuza zessyō
1970 Zatoichi at the Fire Festival 座頭市あばれ火祭り Zatōichi abare-himatsuri Ichi
1970 Fuji sanchō 富士山頂 Fuji sanchō
1971 Zatoichi Meets the One Armed Swordsman 新座頭市・破れ！唐人剣 Shin Zatōichi: Yabure! Tojin-ken Ichi
1971 Inn of Evil いのちぼうにふろう Inochi bō ni furō
1971 The Gift of the Fox 狐のくれた赤ん坊 Kitsune no kureta akanbō
1971 Kaoyaku 顔役 Kaoyaku
1972 Zatoichi at Large 座頭市御用旅 Zatōichi goyō-tabi Ichi
1972 新・兵隊やくざ 火線 Shin heitai yakuza: Kasen
1972 Zatoichi in Desperation 新座頭市物語・折れた杖 Shin Zatōichi monogatari: Oreta tsue aka Ichi

also director

1972 Hanzo the Razor: Sword of Justice 御用牙 Goyōkiba Hanzo Itami
1973 Mute Samurai 唖侍鬼一法眼 Oshizamurai Kiichihōgan (TV series) Manji
1973 Zatoichi's Conspiracy 新座頭市物語・笠間の血祭り Shin Zatōichi monogatari: Kasama no chimatsuri Ichi
1973 王将 Ōshō Sankichi Sakata
1973 Hanzo the Razor: The Snare 御用牙　かみそり半蔵地獄責め Goyōkiba: Kamisori Hanzō jigoku zeme Hanzo Itami
1974 The Homeless 無宿 Yadonashi
1974 Hanzo the Razor: Who's Got the Gold? 御用牙 鬼の半蔵やわ肌小判 Goyōkiba: Oni no Hanzō yawahada koban Hanzo Itami
1974 Akumyo: Notorious Dragon 悪名 縄張荒らし Akumyo: shima arashiaka Asakichi
1974 Zatōichi monogatari (TV series) 座頭市物語 Zatōichi monogatari Ichi
1975 Tsūkai! Kōchiyama Sōshun (TV series) 痛快!河内山宗俊 Tsūkai! Kōchiyama Sōshun Kōchiyama Sōshun
1983 迷走地図 Meiso chizu
1987 The one-eyed dragon Masamune (TV series) 独眼竜政宗 Dokuganryu Masamune Toyotomi Hideyoshi
1988 Tokyo: The Last Megalopolis 帝都物語 Teito Monogatari Shibusawa Eiichi
1989 Zatoichi: Darkness Is His Ally 座頭市 Zatōichi Ichi

also director

1990 Saga of the Phoenix 孔雀王アシュラ伝説 Kujaku ō: Ashura densetsu
1990 Ronin Gai 浪人街 Rōnin-gai

As producer

[edit]
Year Title Japanese Romanization Role
1970 Zatoichi Meets Yojimbo Zatōichi to Yōjinbō producer
1970 Zatoichi at the Fire Festival Zatōichi abare-himatsuri producer
1971 Zatoichi Meets the One Armed Swordsman Shin Zatōichi: Yabure! Tojin-ken producer
1971 Kaoyaku Kaoyaku executive producer
1972 Hanzo the Razor: Sword of Justice Goyōkiba producer
1972 Zatoichi at Large Zatōichi goyō-tabi producer
1972 New Hoodlum Soldier Story: Firing Line Shin heitai yakuza: Kasen producer
1972 Lone Wolf and Cub: Sword of Vengeance Kozure Ōkami: Kowokashi udekashi tsukamatsuru producer
1972 Lone Wolf and Cub: Baby Cart at the River Styx Kozure Ōkami: Sanzu no kawa no ubaguruma producer
1972 Lone Wolf and Cub: Baby Cart to Hades Kozure Ōkami: Shinikazeni mukau ubaguruma producer
1972 Zatoichi in Desperation Shin Zatōichi monogatari: Oreta tsue producer
1973 Mute Samurai Oshizamurai Kiichihōgan (TV series) executive producer
1973 Zatoichi's Conspiracy Shin Zatōichi monogatari: Kasama no chimatsuri
1973 Hanzo the Razor: The Snare Goyōkiba: Kamisori Hanzō jigoku zeme
1974 The Homeless Yadonashi producer
1974 Hanzo the Razor: Who's Got the Gold? Goyōkiba: Oni no Hanzō yawahada koban producer
1974 Akumyo: Notorious Dragon Akumyo: shima arashiaka
1980 Shogun Assassin producer
1989 Shintaro Katsu's Zatoichi Zatōichi

As director

[edit]
Year Title Japanese Romanization
1971 Kaoyaku Kaoyaku
1972 Zatoichi in Desperation Shin Zatōichi monogatari: Oreta tsue
1973 Mute Samurai Oshi samurai (TV series)
1974 Zatoichi Zatōichi monogatari (TV series)
(episode "A Memorial Day and the Bell of Life")
1989 Zatoichi: Darkness Is His Ally Zatōichi

As writer

[edit]
Year Title Japanese Romanization
1970 Zatoichi at the Fire Festival Zatōichi abare-himatsuri
1971 Kaoyaku Kaoyaku
1989 Zatoichi: Darkness Is His Ally Zatōichi

As himself

[edit]
Year Film Film type
1978 The Blind Swordsman Documentary

References

[edit]
  1. ^ West, David (2006). Chasing dragons: an introduction to the martial arts film. I.B.Tauris. p. 33. ISBN 978-1-85043-982-0. Retrieved 16 October 2010.
  2. ^ Standish, Isolde (8 May 2006). A New History of Japanese Cinema: A Century Of Narrative Film. Continuum International Publishing Group. p. 359. ISBN 978-0-8264-1790-9. Retrieved 16 October 2010.
  3. ^ West, Mark D. (2006). Secrets, Sex, and Spectacle: The Rules of Scandal in Japan and the United States. University of Chicago Press. p. 201. ISBN 978-0-226-89408-9. Retrieved 16 October 2010.
  4. ^ Galloway, Patrick (1 May 2005). Stray Dogs & Lone Wolves: The Samurai Film Handbook. Stone Bridge Press, Inc. p. 184. ISBN 978-1-880656-93-8. Retrieved 16 October 2010.
  5. ^ Kurosawa, Akira; Cardullo, Bert (2008). Akira Kurosawa: Interviews. Univ. Press of Mississippi. p. 68. ISBN 978-1-57806-997-2. Retrieved 16 October 2010.
  6. ^ Cowie, Peter (1981). International Film Guide. Tantivy Press. p. 205. ISBN 978-0-498-02530-3. Retrieved 16 October 2010.
  7. ^ Nogami, Teruyo (2006). Waiting on the Weather: Making Movies with Akira Kurosawa. Stone Bridge Press, Inc. pp. 251–60. ISBN 978-1-933330-09-9. Retrieved 16 October 2010.
  8. ^ Galloway, Patrick (1 May 2005). Stray Dogs & Lone Wolves: The Samurai Film Handbook. Stone Bridge Press, Inc. p. 40. ISBN 978-1-880656-93-8. Retrieved 16 October 2010.
  9. ^ Shintaro Katsu, Ore, Katsu Shintaro (I, Shintaro Katsu), Kozando Bunko, 1998 (2nd printing of revised edition, 2014), p. 196.
  10. ^ August 1961 issue of Yomikiri Club, Sanseisha, pp. 169-171.
  11. ^ a b c July 30, 1978 issue of Weekly Myojo, Shueisha, pp. 23-31.
  12. ^ a b Sawako Agawa, “Kikuryoku” Bunko 3: Agawa Taidan Jissakusen Tsuido-hen (The Power of Listening Vol. 3: Selection of Agawa's Masterpiece Dialogues - Memorial Edition), Bungeishunju, 2016, pp. 44-62.
  13. ^ March 22, 1962 issue of Weekly Heiban, Heiban Shuppan, pp. 42-45.
  14. ^ a b c April 1966 issue of Hanashi no Tokushu, Hanashi no Tokushu, pp. 54-62.
  15. ^ February 1975 issue of Eiga Joho, Kokusai Joho-sha, text page.
  16. ^ a b c d e September 2, 1971 issue of Weekly Heiban, Heiban Shuppan, pp. 25-32.
  17. ^ a b October 25, 1965 issue of Josei Jishin, Kobunsha, pp. 23-27.
  18. ^ October 26, 1978 issue of Weekly Heiban, Heiban Shuppan, p. 33 onwards.
  19. ^ a b October 10, 1965 issue of Weekly Myojo, Shueisha, pp. 56-58.
  20. ^ October 25, 1965 issue of Josei Jishin, Kobunsha, pp. 23-27.
  21. ^ a b c September 2, 1971 issue of Weekly Asahi Geino, Tokuma Shoten, pp. 12-15.
  22. ^ July 30, 1971 issue of Weekly Myojo, Shueisha, pp. 23-31.
  23. ^ June 8, 1979 issue of Weekly Post, Shogakukan, pp. 46-50.
  24. ^ Retrospective blog by a former executive of the Daiei Publicity Department: "Fond Memories (About Katsu-chan)" (Published on May 22, 2013, Retrieved on May 20, 2026).
  25. ^ Shintaro Katsu, Ore, Katsu Shintaro (I, Shintaro Katsu), Kozando Bunko, 1998 (2nd printing of revised edition, 2014), pp. 222-226.
  26. ^ a b Kenta Tazaki, Gogan Kanzen: Katsu Shintaro Den (Perfection by Chance: Biography of Shintaro Katsu), Kodansha, p. 76.
  27. ^ Chikage Oogi, Dekiru Koto to Dekinu Koto (What Can Be Done and What Cannot Be Done), Sekai Bunka-sha, 2001, p. 173.
  28. ^ a b September 30, 1971 issue of Weekly Heiban, Heiban Shuppan, pp. 24-28.
  29. ^ September 30, 1971 issue of Weekly Heiban, Heiban Shuppan, front color pages (unpaginated).
  30. ^ June 24, 1972 issue of Weekly Josei, Shufu-to-Seikatsu Sha, p. 43 onwards.
  31. ^ a b July 26, 1984 issue of Weekly Jitsuwa, Nihon Journal Shuppansha, pp. 62-66.
  32. ^ Masanori Sanada, "Katsu Pro Nenhaiki" (Katsu Pro Chronicles), collected in Katsu Shintaro Ichijuki Tsuido Kinen (Shintaro Katsu First Anniversary Memorial), Heibonsha, 1998, pp. 170-175.
  33. ^ a b Shintaro Katsu, "Originally published in Bungeishunju, June 1992 issue," collected in Katsu Shintaro Taidanshu (Shintaro Katsu Dialogue Collection), Bunshun Bunko, 2017, pp. 7-39.
  34. ^ Shintaro Katsu, "Originally published in Bungeishunju, February 1994 issue," collected in Katsu Shintaro Taidanshu (Shintaro Katsu Dialogue Collection), Bunshun Bunko, 2017, pp. 209-232.
  35. ^ a b Tamao Nakamura, "He was a person who loved to make people happy, and was true to himself," collected in Katsu Shintaro Ichijuki Tsuido Kinen (Shintaro Katsu First Anniversary Memorial), Heibonsha, 1998, pp. 114-115.
  36. ^ Tamao Nakamura, "Papa, Shintaro Katsu's Final Hospital Ward (Originally published in Bungeishunju, July 1998 issue)," collected in Star no Shozo (Portraits of Stars), Bungeishunju, 2016, pp. 226-237.
  37. ^ Kiyoshi Nagasawa, "The Night Shintaro Katsu Became a String God: The Miracle at the Villa in Rossinière, Switzerland," TAP the POP, published on June 20, 2025, Retrieved on May 24, 2026.

Bibliography

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