Ramananda Ray
Ramananda Ray Patnaik (IAST: Rāmānanda Rāya; Odia : ରାମାନନ୍ଦ ରାୟ ପଟ୍ଟନାୟକ) lived in the Indian state of Odisha (Oḍiśā) during the latter part of the 15th century to around the middle part of the 16th century CE and was the author of the celebrated drama Jagannatha Vallabha Natakam.[1][2]
He was the son of Bhābānanda Ray Patnaik, a resident of the village of Bentapur adjacent to Alalaranatha (Brahmagiri) about 12 miles west of Puri, Odisha. Bhabananda Ray Patnaik was the Samanta (chief) of Bentapur village near Chilika Lake, Odisha.[3] Their family came from an aristocratic background and belonged to Karan community.[4] Ramananda had four brothers named Gopinatha Badajena Patnaik (Governor of Midnapore), Kalanidhi Patnaik , Sudhanidhi Patnaik, and Baninatha Nayaka.[5] Ramananda and his brother Gopinatha were governors in Gajapati Empire from the year 1497 to 1540 CE, Ramananda Patnaik was the governor of the southern territories in Gajapati Empire with his capital in Rajahmundry on the bank of the Godavari river.[6][7][8] Governors in Gajapati Empire were designated as "Rajas" also known as "Parikshas" of their territory, Prataparudra Deva had appointed Ramananda Raya as the Raja of Rajahmundry in Gajapati Empire during his reign.[9] Ramananda Raya ruled the southern territories of Gajapati Empire from his capital Rajahmundry during the reign of Prataparudradeva, duties of Governors besides ruling over their territories in Gajapati kingdom included defending the kingdom against external invasions, and maintaining peace and order in their provinces, these Governors had a large number of elephants, soldiers and horses serving them in their headquarters, Dandapatas or provinces ruled by these governors comprised entire districts, below the Dandapatas were Simas or Forts and villages which also came under the jurisdiction of these governors or Rajas.[10][11]
Ramananda Patnaik was also a temple administrator of Jagannath Temple, Puri during Prataparudra Deva's regime.[12] Ramananda Patnaik after retiring from his position as the governor of the southern territories in Gajapati Empire took along with him his large retinue of elephants, horses and soldiers positioned in Rajahmundry to Puri where he retired as the chief temple administrator of Jagannath Temple, Puri.[13][14][15]
References
[edit]- ^ Das, Hemant Kumar (January–February 2006), "The Origin of Oriya Jatra", Indian Literature, 1 (231), Sahitya Akademi: 166–171, JSTOR 23346371, retrieved 11 March 2021
- ^ PANIGRAHI, KRISHNA CHANDRA (5 January 2023). History of Orissa: (HINDU PERIOD). Notion Press. ISBN 978-1-68586-798-0.
- ^ Mukherjee, Prabhat (1979). History of the Chaitanya Faith in Orissa. Manohar. ISBN 978-0-8364-0547-7.
- ^ Mallik, Basanta Kumar (2004). Paradigms of Dissent and Protest: Social Movements in Eastern India, C. AD 1400-1700. Manohar Publishers & Distributors. ISBN 978-81-7304-522-6.
- ^ Prabhupāda, A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami. "CC Ādi 10.134, verse and purport". Vedabase.com. Retrieved 30 May 2018.
- ^ Mallik, Basanta Kumar (2004). Paradigms of Dissent and Protest: Social Movements in Eastern India, C. AD 1400-1700. Manohar Publishers & Distributors. ISBN 978-81-7304-522-6.
- ^ Rout, Savitiri (1972). Women Pioneers In Oriya Literature. Motilal Banarsidass Publishers. ISBN 978-81-208-2546-8.
- ^ Mahtab, Harekrushna (1959). The History of Orissa. Prajatantra Prachar Samity.
- ^ Mallik, Basanta Kumar (1996). Medieval Orissa: Literature, Society, Economy, Circa 1500-1600 A.D. Mayur Publications.
- ^ Ray, Dipti (2007). Prataparudradeva, the Last Great Suryavamsi King of Orissa (A.D. 1497 to A.D. 1540). Northern Book Centre. pp. 50–53. ISBN 978-81-7211-195-3.
During the reign of Prataparudradeva Ray Ramnanda ruled over this province….. Viceroys and provincial governors were appointed by the emperor and were responsible for maintaining peace and order within their jurisdiction and protecting it from external invasions… The headquarters of these provincial governors or Pariksas were center of great activity and always were crowded and resounding with the noise of drums, horses, elephants and temple bells.
- ^ Rout, Savitri (1972). Women Pioneers in Oriya Literature. Motilal Banarsidass Publishe. ISBN 978-81-208-2546-8.
- ^ Citaristi, Ileana (6 October 2022). Odissi and the Geeta Govinda. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-000-78098-7.
- ^ Prime, Ranchor (20 June 2023). The Birth of Kirtan: The Life & Teachings of Chaitanya. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 979-8-88762-053-4.
- ^ Society, Bihar Research (1945). The Journal of the Bihar Research Society. Bihar Research Society.
- ^ Citaristi, Ileana (6 October 2022). Odissi and the Geeta Govinda. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-000-78098-7.
External links
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