Portal:Chile

The Chile Portal

Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in western South America. It is the southernmost country in the world and the closest to Antarctica, extending along a narrow strip of land between the Andes Mountains and the Pacific Ocean. According to the 2024 census, Chile had an enumerated population of 18.5 million. The country covers a territorial area of 756,102 square kilometers (291,933 sq mi), sharing borders with Peru to the north, Bolivia to the northeast, Argentina to the east, and the Drake Passage to the south. It also administers several Pacific islands, including Juan Fernández, Isla Salas y Gómez, Desventuradas, and Easter Island, and claims about 1,250,000 square kilometers (480,000 sq mi) of Antarctica as the Chilean Antarctic Territory. The capital and largest city is Santiago, and the official and national language is Spanish.

Spain conquered and colonized the region in the mid-16th century, replacing Inca rule; however, they failed to conquer the autonomous tribal Mapuche people who inhabited what is now south-central Chile. Chile emerged as a relatively stable authoritarian republic in the 1830s after its 1818 declaration of independence from Spain. During the 19th century, Chile experienced significant economic and territorial growth, putting an end to Mapuche resistance in the 1880s and gaining its current northern territory in the War of the Pacific (1879–83) by defeating Peru and Bolivia.

In the 20th century, until the 1970s, Chile underwent a process of democratization and experienced rapid population growth and urbanization, while relying increasingly on exports from copper mining to support its economy. During the 1960s and 1970s, the country was marked by severe left-right political polarization and turmoil, which culminated in the 11 September 1973 coup d'état that overthrew Salvador Allende's democratically elected left-wing government, with support from the United States. This was followed by a 16-and-a-half-year right-wing military dictatorship led by Augusto Pinochet, during which the 1980 Constitution was enacted, along with numerous political and economic reforms, and which was marked by widespread human rights violations, including more than 3,000 deaths and disappearances. The regime ended in 1990, following a referendum in 1988, and was succeeded by a center-left coalition, which ruled until 2010. (Full article...)

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Location of Licancabur

Licancabur (Spanish pronunciation: [likaŋkaˈβuɾ]) is a prominent, 5,916-metre-high (19,409 ft) stratovolcano on the Bolivia–Chile border in the Central Volcanic Zone of the Andes. It is capped by a 400–500-metre-wide (1,300–1,600 ft) summit crater which contains Licancabur Lake, a crater lake that is among the highest lakes in the world. There are no glaciers owing to the arid climate. Numerous plants and animal species live on the mountain. The volcanoes Sairecabur and Juriques are north and east of Licancabur, respectively.

Licancabur formed on top of ignimbrites produced by other volcanoes, and has been active during the Holocene. Three stages of lava flows emanated from the edifice and have a young appearance. Although no historical eruptions of the volcano are known, lava flows extending into Laguna Verde have been dated to 13,240±100 years before present, and there may be residual heat in the mountain. The volcano has primarily erupted andesite, with small amounts of dacite and basaltic andesite. (Full article...)

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Larraín at the 2024 Venice Film Festival

Pablo Larraín Matte (Spanish pronunciation: [laraˈin]; born 19 August 1976) is a Chilean filmmaker. He is known for directing films such as The Club (2015), Neruda (2016), Jackie (2016), Spencer (2021), El Conde (2023), and Maria (2024). His 2012 film No was the first Chilean film nominated for Best Foreign Language Film at the Academy Awards, while Larraín and his brother Juan de Dios co-produced Sebastián Lelio's A Fantastic Woman (2017), which became the first film from Chile to win the Oscar in that category. In 2021, Larraín directed the Apple TV+ psychological romance horror miniseries Lisey's Story. (Full article...)

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Countryside in the outskirts of the city of Castro

The Chiloé Archipelago (Spanish: Archipiélago de Chiloé, pronounced [tʃiloˈe], locally [ʃiloˈe]) is a group of islands lying off the coast of Chile, in the Los Lagos Region. It is separated from mainland Chile by the Chacao Channel in the north, the Sea of Chiloé in the east and the Gulf of Corcovado in the southeast. All islands except the Desertores Islands form Chiloé Province. The main island is Chiloé Island. Of roughly rectangular shape, the southwestern half of this island is a wilderness of contiguous forests, wetlands and, in some places, mountains. The landscape of the northeastern sectors of Chiloé Island and the islands to the east is dominated by rolling hills, with a mosaic of pastures, forests and cultivated fields.

The archipelago is known within Chile for its distinctive folklore, mythology, potatoes, cuisine and unique architecture. The culture of Chiloé is the result of mixing of Huilliche, Spanish and Chono influences in centuries of isolation without much contact with the rest of Chile or the Western World. Its cool temperate climate, abundance of sea resources and large and lush forests have also played a major role in shaping life in the islands. (Full article...)

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General images

Image 1Five presidents of Chile since Transition to democracy (1990–2022), celebrating the Bicentennial of Chile (from History of Chile)
Image 2Marchers for Salvador Allende (from History of Chile)
Image 3Chilean huaso singing (from Culture of Chile)
Image 4Fiestas Patrias of Chile, 1854 (from History of Chile)
Image 5Diego Portales (from History of Chile)
Image 6Paila marina (from Culture of Chile)
Image 7Los Jaivas, performing "Alturas de Machu Picchu", a version of a part of Pablo Neruda´s Canto General live at Machu Picchu (from Culture of Chile)
Image 8Arturo Alessandri Palma (from History of Chile)
Image 9José Manuel Balmaceda (from History of Chile)
Image 10Territorial losses of the Republic of Chile de jure (by law) according to Chilean historiography. (from History of Chile)
Image 11Picture "The young Lautaro" of Pedro Subercaseaux that show to genius military and hero of the Arauco war after the arrival of the Spanish to Chilean territory (from History of Chile)
Image 12Picture of the 1915 presidential election in Chile (from History of Chile)
Image 13"No" supporters celebrate their victory in the 1988 referendum (from History of Chile)
Image 14Estadio Nacional de Chile (from Culture of Chile)
Image 15Map showing changes of territory due to the War of the Pacific (from History of Chile)
Image 16The Arauco War. The painting depicts a woman being kidnapped during a malón (from History of Chile)
Image 17Nobel laureate Gabriela Mistral (from Culture of Chile)
Image 18The Mapuche were the original inhabitants of central and southern Chile (from History of Chile)
Image 19Chilean patriots, by Johann Moritz Rugendas (from History of Chile)

Did you know (auto generated)

... that Rincón Chileno was nicknamed the "second Chilean consulate" by the Chilean immigrant community in Los Angeles?
... that, as part of Operación Estrella Polar III, Chilean president Gabriel Boric became the first Latin American leader to visit the South Pole?
... that singer Tati Penna was considered one of the first feminists on Chilean television?
... that anti-Pinochet dissident Luis Corvalán had his appearance surgically altered by Soviet doctors before returning to Chile?
... that, while in exile in Paris, the Greek composer Mikis Theodorakis worked with the Chilean ambassador and poet Pablo Neruda on Canto General?
... that the 2024 Chilean census was delayed twice by a total of nearly two years?

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360-degree Panorama of the Southern Sky edit
A 360 degree panorama of a unique cloudscape over La Silla
American kestrel (Falco sparverius cinnamominus) male Leona Amarga
Andean condor (Vultur gryphus) male Farellones
Black-necked swan (Cygnus melancoryphus) Santiago
Blanco's Open Dome (Cerro-Tololo-Drone-Pic 15-CC) - edit1
Chiloe wigeon (Mareca sibilatrix) male Tricao 3
Chimango caracara (Daptrius chimango temucoensis) female Puerto Varas
Culpeo MC
FCAB EMD GT22CU-3 San Pedro - Ascotan
Gauchowheat edit2
Guanaco (Lama guanicoe) Leona Amarga 2
Géiseres del Tatio, Atacama, Chile, 2016-02-01, DD 03-05 HDR
Laguna Miñiques, Chile, 2016-02-08, DD 33-38 PAN
Laser Towards Milky Ways Centre
Lesser rhea (Rhea pennata pennata) Torres del Paine
Long-tailed meadowlark (Leistes loyca loyca) breeding male Leona Amarga
Miscanti Lagoon near San Pedro de Atacama Chile Luca Galuzzi 2006
Moai Rano raraku
Paranal and the Pacific at sunset (dsc4088, retouched, cropped)
Puma (Puma concolor concolor) female Leona Amarga
SQM GE 289A Boxcab Carmelita - Reverso
The European Extremely Large Telescope
Volcanos Lascar left and Aguas Calientes right
Volcán Aucanquilcha, Chile, 2016-02-10, DD 11
Volcán San Pedro, Chile, 2016-02-09, DD 18
Vortex-street-1

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