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Peruvian Academy of Language

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Peruvian Academy of Language
AbbreviationAPL
FoundedMay 5, 1887; 139 years ago (1887-05-05)
TypeSpanish Language Academy
Location
Region served
Spanish-speaking world
President
Harry Belevan[1]
Websiteapl.org.pe

The Peruvian Academy of Language (Academia Peruana de la Lengua, APL) is a cultural institution that brings together literary figures, writers, poets, linguists, and scholars specializing in the use of the Spanish language in Peru.[2] It is a collective member of the Association of Spanish Language Academies.[3]

Establishment

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It was established in Lima on 5 May 1887 as a corresponding academy to the Real Academia Española. On 30 August of the same year, its first public session was held in the assembly hall of the National University of San Marcos, where Francisco García Calderón, a former President of Peru, was elected as its first president.

Although it was formally established in 1887, its inauguration had been delayed due to the War of the Pacific: during the Chilean occupation of Lima, a large portion of the books from the National Library of Peru were taken to Chile as war spoils.[4] This event led Ricardo Palma to prioritize the reconstruction of the National Library, setting aside earlier plans to inaugurate the APL.

García Calderón was succeeded by Ricardo Palma, first as president and later as director. Palma was a staunch defender of peruanismos (Peru-specific Spanish usages), which he documented in his works Papeletas lexicográficas and Neologismos y americanismos, and lobbied the Real Academia Española to formally accept them.

Among its members is Mario Vargas Llosa, recipient of the Premio Cervantes (1994) and the Nobel Prize in Literature (2010), who also held a seat at the Real Academia Española. Other notable members have included Víctor Andrés Belaúnde, Guillermo Hoyos Osores, Augusto Tamayo Vargas, Luis Jaime Cisneros, and Aurelio and Francisco Miró Quesada. In the field of Quechua linguistics as it relates to Peruvian Spanish, Rodolfo Cerrón-Palomino has been a key contributor, while Martha Hildebrandt specialised in peruanismos — particularly Lima-specific usages and archaisms — publishing her findings in the Lima newspaper El Comercio.[5]

The current president is Harry Belevan, elected to succeed Eduardo Hopkins Rodríguez.[6]

The Academy hosted the VIII International Congress of the Association of Spanish Language Academies in 1980.

Members

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Full members (Académicos de número)

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Member Admitted Profession Birth year Birthplace Notes
Martha Hildebrandt Pérez-Treviño 1971 Linguist, politician 1925 La Libertad Permanent Secretary 1993–2005
Mario Vargas Llosa 1975 Writer 1936 Arequipa
Carlos Germán Belli 1980 Writer 1927 Lima
Manuel Pantigoso Pecero 1982 Poet, literary critic 1936 Lima
Rodolfo Cerrón-Palomino 1991 Linguist 1940 Junín
Gustavo Gutiérrez Merino 1995 Priest, theologian 1928 Lima
Fernando de Trazegnies Granda 1996 Lawyer, historian, genealogist 1935 Lima
José León Herrera 1998 Philosopher, orientalist 1930 Lima
Marco G. Martos Carrera 1999 Writer 1942 Piura President 2006–2014 and 2018–2022
Ricardo González Vigil 2000 Poet, literary critic 1949 Lima
Ricardo Silva-Santisteban Ubillús 2001 Poet, editor, literary critic 1941 Lima President 2014–2017
Eduardo Hopkins Rodríguez 2005 — — — President 2022–2025
Salomón Lerner Febres 2006 Philosopher 1944 Lima
Alberto Varillas Montenegro 2008 Lawyer 1934 Lima
Camilo Rubén Fernández Cozman 2008 Poet 1965 Lima
Alonso Cueto Caballero 2009 Writer 1954 Lima
Marcial Rubio Correa 2010 Lawyer, constitutional scholar 1948 Lima
Harry Belevan-McBride 2012 Diplomat, writer 1945 Lima President 2026–2029
Carlos Thorne Boas 2012 Lawyer, philosopher, novelist 1926 Lima
Carlos Garatea Grau 2014 Philologist, linguist 1966 Lima
Víctor Oswaldo Holguín Callo 2014 Historian 1950 Lima
Antonio González Montes 2014 — 1949 Lima
Eliana González Cruz 2017 Linguist 1968 Lambayeque
Óscar Coello Cruz 2022 Poet, professor, literary critic 1947 Piura Editor of the Boletín de la Academia Peruana de la Lengua
Jorge Antonio Valenzuela Garcés 2022 Professor, writer, literary critic 1962 Lima
Rocío Caravedo 2023 Professor, linguist, literary researcher — Lima
Luis Andrade Ciudad 2023 Professor, linguist, writer 1966 Lima
Eduardo González Viaña 2023 Professor, writer, journalist 1941 La Libertad
Martina Vinatea Recoba 2024 Professor, writer, poet, researcher 1962 Lima

Deceased members

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Corresponding Peruvian members

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Corresponding foreign members

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  • James Higgins
  • Humberto López Morales
  • Julio Calvo Pérez
  • Raquel Chang-Rodríguez
  • Isabelle Tauzin-Castellanos
  • Inmaculada Lergo
  • Pedro Lastra
  • Stephen M. Hart
  • Juan Jesús Armas Marcelo
  • César Ferreira
  • Thomas Ward

Honorary members

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Presidents

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President Term
Francisco García Calderón y Landa 1887–1905
Ricardo Palma 1905–1919
Javier Prado 1919–1921
José de la Riva-Agüero y Osma 1934–1944
Víctor Andrés Belaúnde Diez-Canseco 1944–1966
Aurelio Miró Quesada Sosa 1967–1979
José Jiménez Borja 1979–1982
Augusto Tamayo Vargas 1982–1988
Estuardo Núñez Hague 1988–1991
Luis Jaime Cisneros Vizquerra 1991–2005
Marco Martos Carrera 2006–2014
Ricardo Silva-Santisteban Ubillús 2014–2017
Marco Martos Carrera 2018–2022
Eduardo Hopkins Rodríguez 2022–2025
Harry Belevan 2026–2029

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Embajador Harry Belevan McBride es elegido presidente de la Academia Peruana de la Lengua". Fundación ADP. Retrieved 1 May 2026.
  2. ^ José Tola Pasquel, also a member, was a mathematician.
  3. ^ "Academia Peruana de la Lengua". Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española. Retrieved 6 April 2015.
  4. ^ Basadre Grohmann, Jorge (2005). Historia de la República del Perú [1822–1933]. Lima: Empresa Editora El Comercio. ISBN 9972-205-62-2.
  5. ^ "Academia Peruana de la Lengua". Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española. Retrieved 6 April 2015.
  6. ^ "Embajador Harry Belevan McBride es elegido presidente de la Academia Peruana de la Lengua". Fundación ADP. Retrieved 1 May 2026.
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