Mocuio Formation

Mocuio Formation
Mocuio Formation
Stratigraphic range: Late Campanian—Early Maastrichtian
Type	Geological formation
Overlies	Baba Formation
Lithology
Primary	Sandstone
Location
Country	Angola

The Mocuio Formation is a Late Cretaceous sedimentary rock formation found in southern Angola. It extends from the latest Campanian to the Early Maastrichtian.^[1] Many vertebrate fossils have been collected from the formation.

Fossil content

Color key

Taxon	Reclassified taxon	Taxon falsely reported as present	Dubious taxon or junior synonym	Ichnotaxon	Ootaxon	Morphotaxon

Notes
Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; ~~crossed out~~ taxa are discredited.

Pterosaurs

Pterosaurs of the Mocuio Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Image
Epapatelo^[2]	E. otyikokolo	Namibe Province, Angola	Maastrichtian	Left humerus & Left ulna	A aponyctosaurian pteranodontian

Crocodylomorphs

Crocodylomorphs of the Mocuio Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Image
Hyposaurinae Indet.^[3]	Indeterminate	Namibe Province, Angola	Maastrichtian		A hyposaurine dyrosaurid

Mosasaurs

Mosasaurs of the Mocuio Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Image
Bentiabasaurus^[4]	B. jacobsi	Namibe Province, Angola	Maastrichtian	Partial skeleton	A mosasaurin mosasaurine

Plesiosaurs

Plesiosaurs of the Mocuio Formation
Genus	Species	Location	Stratigraphic position	Material	Notes	Image
Cardiocorax^[5]	C. mukulu	Namibe Province, Angola	Maastrichtian	Partial skeleton	A euelasmosauridan elasmosaurid

References

^ Strganac, Christopher; Salminen, Johanna; Jacobs, Louis L.; Polcyn, Michael J.; Ferguson, Kurt M.; Mateus, Octávio; Schulp, Anne S.; Morais, Maria Luísa; Tavares, Tatiana da Silva; Gonçalves, António Olímpio (2014-11-01). "Carbon isotope stratigraphy, magnetostratigraphy, and 40Ar/39Ar age of the Cretaceous South Atlantic coast, Namibe Basin, Angola". Journal of African Earth Sciences. Special Volume of the 24th Colloquium of African Geology. 99: 452–462. Bibcode:2014JAfES..99..452S. doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2014.03.003. hdl:10138/224244. ISSN 1464-343X.
^ Fernandes AE, Mateus O, Andres B, Polcyn MJ, Schulp AS, Gonçalves AO, Jacobs LL (2022). "Pterosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of Angola". Diversity. 14 (9). 741. Bibcode:2022Diver..14..741F. doi:10.3390/d14090741. hdl:10362/145845.
^ Maréchal, A.; Rotatori, F. M.; Merella, M.; Puértolas-Pascual, E.; Sequero, C.; Pereira, R.; Nsungani, P.; Mateus, O. (2025). "A new Maastrichtian hyposaurine dyrosaurid (Crocodylomorpha) from Namibe province, Angola". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 204 (4) zlaf092. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf092.
^ Polcyn, Michael J.; Schulp, Anne S.; Gonçalves, António O. (2023). "Remarkably well-preserved in-situ gut content in a specimen of Prognathodon kianda (Squamata: Mosasauridae) reveals multispecies intrafamilial predation, cannibalism, and a new mosasaurine taxon". Windows into Sauropsid and Synapsid Evolution. Essays in honor of Prof. Louis L. Jacobs: 66–98.
^ R. Araújo; M.J. Polcyn; A.S. Schulp; O. Mateus; L.L. Jacobs; A. Olímpio Gonçalves; M.-L. Morais (2015). "A new elasmosaurid from the early Maastrichtian of Angola and the implications of girdle morphology on swimming style in plesiosaurs". Netherlands Journal of Geosciences. 94 (1): 109–120. doi:10.1017/njg.2014.44. S2CID 86616531.

[1] Strganac, Christopher; Salminen, Johanna; Jacobs, Louis L.; Polcyn, Michael J.; Ferguson, Kurt M.; Mateus, Octávio; Schulp, Anne S.; Morais, Maria Luísa; Tavares, Tatiana da Silva; Gonçalves, António Olímpio (2014-11-01). "Carbon isotope stratigraphy, magnetostratigraphy, and 40Ar/39Ar age of the Cretaceous South Atlantic coast, Namibe Basin, Angola". Journal of African Earth Sciences. Special Volume of the 24th Colloquium of African Geology. 99: 452–462. Bibcode:2014JAfES..99..452S. doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2014.03.003. hdl:10138/224244. ISSN 1464-343X.

[2] Fernandes AE, Mateus O, Andres B, Polcyn MJ, Schulp AS, Gonçalves AO, Jacobs LL (2022). "Pterosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of Angola". Diversity. 14 (9). 741. Bibcode:2022Diver..14..741F. doi:10.3390/d14090741. hdl:10362/145845.

[3] Maréchal, A.; Rotatori, F. M.; Merella, M.; Puértolas-Pascual, E.; Sequero, C.; Pereira, R.; Nsungani, P.; Mateus, O. (2025). "A new Maastrichtian hyposaurine dyrosaurid (Crocodylomorpha) from Namibe province, Angola". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 204 (4) zlaf092. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaf092.

[4] Polcyn, Michael J.; Schulp, Anne S.; Gonçalves, António O. (2023). "Remarkably well-preserved in-situ gut content in a specimen of Prognathodon kianda (Squamata: Mosasauridae) reveals multispecies intrafamilial predation, cannibalism, and a new mosasaurine taxon". Windows into Sauropsid and Synapsid Evolution. Essays in honor of Prof. Louis L. Jacobs: 66–98.

[5] R. Araújo; M.J. Polcyn; A.S. Schulp; O. Mateus; L.L. Jacobs; A. Olímpio Gonçalves; M.-L. Morais (2015). "A new elasmosaurid from the early Maastrichtian of Angola and the implications of girdle morphology on swimming style in plesiosaurs". Netherlands Journal of Geosciences. 94 (1): 109–120. doi:10.1017/njg.2014.44. S2CID 86616531.

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