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Irgen Gioro

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This family name uses Manchu naming customs and is not a double-barrelled name. The clan's name or "Mūkun" is Irgen; the family name or "hala" is Gioro
Irgen Gioro
ᡳᡵᡤᡝᠨ
ᡤᡳᠣᡵᠣ
Clan and Family name
Irgen Gioro (first two words on the left) in the Complete Genealogies of the Clans and Families of the Manchu Eight Banners
Place of originManchuria
Founder
Imperially bestowed surname with no single ancestry;

or allegedly House of Zhao of the Northern Song

Connected membersSee Notable figures
Cadet branchesDonggo etc.
Irgen Gioro
Manchu name
Manchu scriptᡳᡵᡤᡝᠨ
ᡤᡳᠣᡵᠣ
Möllendorffirgen gioro
Chinese name
Chinese伊尔根觉罗氏
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyinyī ěr gēn jué luó shì
Pronunciation respelling name
Pronunciation respellingEER-gən GYAW-roh
This article contains Manchu text. Without proper rendering support, you may see question marks, boxes, or other symbols instead of Manchu alphabet.

Irgen Gioro[1] is a Manchu clan, family name, and major component of the Gioro clan, which was officially categorized as a "prominent family" (著姓),[2] and one of the eight great houses of the Manchu nobility in Qing dynasty.[3][4][5][6][7][8] Sibe and Nanai people also have Irgen Gioro as one of their family names.[9][10]

Overview

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The origin of Irgen Gioro does not have a decisive conclusion. A shared anecdote across Gioro clan stated that the ancestors of Irgen Gioro were allegedly the captive emperors Huizong and Qinzong and later assimilated by the Jurchens.[11][12] The Manchu emperors had also bestowed their family name to the founding ministers or generals who rendered outstanding service to the empire.[13] In order to differentiate from Aisin Gioro the Manchu imperial family,[14] Irgen was added as a prefixed clan name with the implication of "regular tribesmen" or "non-imperial clansmen".[15][16]

At the early period of Manchu Empire, Irgen Gioro were recorded as 340 households.[17] They mainly distributed in Muki, Yehe, Giyamuhu, Hingkan, Sarhū, Hunehe, Yarhū, Girin Ula, Sunggari Ula, Akūli, Fe Ala, Hada, and various other areas across Manchuria.[18] The whole clan had many famous hereditary noblemen in the empire, prime examples are Viscounts Asan and Arjin of Muki; Viscount Turusi and Baron Fiyangū of Yehe.[19] Among these noble Irgen Gioro families, Muki family (also known as Muki Gioro)[20] was particularly considered as the most politically influential one because of their important contribution to the Manchu Empire's founding.[21] Irgen Gioro also earned numerous titles of minor nobility and 40 hereditary peers as niru commanders (Manchu: ᠨᡳᡵᡠ
ᡳ
ᠵᠠᠩᡤᡳᠨ, Möllendorff: nirui janggin) [22] in Banner Armies.[23]

There were few instance of name change of the clan (e.g. The Manchu clan of Bayara, Donggo, Laibu, Monggero, and Siburu came from the Irgen Gioro who settled in these places.) at the early Qing Dynasty because of migration.[24] Due to the adoption of Chinese culture during the mid to late Qing dynasty, most of Irgen Gioro chose Zhao (Chinese: 趙；Manchu: ᠵᠣᡠ, Möllendorff: Joo)[25], the first surname in the famous Hundred Family Surnames, as their Sino family name. It was according to the Mandarin homophone of Gioro and the anecdotal House of Zhao origin.[26][27][28] Other utilization of Sino family names, such as Tong, Gu, Yi, Sa (薩), Gong, Zhao (兆), Cao, Bao, Zhe (哲), Xi, Yu, Ge, Ma, Gao, Hu, Bai, and Chen, are also reported.[29]

Genealogy Research

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See also: Haplogroup C-M217 and Haplogroup O-M268

Due to the variety of its origins, C-TYT61432,[30]C-M504,[31] and O-CTS723[31] have been reported as Irgen Gioro's Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups in modern research samples, which are not closely associated with the most likely candidate haplogroup of the House of Zhao (Q-MF10603).[32] In fact, the current Irgen Gioro samples, for example C-F3830, an upper-clade of C-TYT61432, is typically Northeast Asia originated and considered as a haplogroup which made important genetic contributions to modern Mongolic- and Manchu-Tungusic speaking populations by molecular anthropologists.[33]

Notable figures

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Ministers and generals

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Main page: Notable Irgen Gioro figures in the Draft History of Qing

Others

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Prince consort

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Name Family Origin Notes
Gahašan Hashū Giyamuhu Married Nurhaci's full sister
Kūwaja Muki Married Hong Taiji's sixth daughter
Fusengge Warka Married Hereditary Prince Yinxiang's second daughter

Noble ladies

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Imperial consorts & concubines
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Name Family Origin Notes
Lady Irgen Gioro Hunehe Nurhaci's secondary consort, Prince Abatai's mother
Lady Irgen Gioro Nurhaci's concubine
Lady Irgen Gioro Muki(?) Hongtaiji's concubine, Imperial Duke Cangšu's mother
Noble Consort Xun Akūli the Qianlong Emperor's noble consort; Viceroy Henian's daughter
Concubine Rong the Xianfeng Emperor's noble lady
First Class Attendant Ping Warka the Xianfeng Emperor's first class female attendant
Princess consorts & concubines
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Name Family Origin Notes
Lady Irgen Gioro Prince Yunzhi's first primary consort
Lady Irgen Gioro Neyen Prince Yunhu's first primary consort, Prince Honglong's mother; Grand Secretary Fulata's granddaughter
Lady Irgen Gioro Warka Prince Yongcheng's step primary consort; Prince Consort Fusengge's daughter
Lady Irgen Gioro Prince Yunti's secondary consort
Lady Irgen Gioro Prince Yonghuang's secondary consort, Prince Mian'en's mother
Lady Irgen Gioro Prince Hooge's concubine
Lady Irgen Gioro Prince Yunzhi's concubine
Lady Irgen Gioro Prince Yunyou's concubine
Lady Irgen Gioro Prince Yunti's concubine

Modern

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Name Family Origin Notes
Chang Shuhong the founder and head of Dunhuang Research Academy
Zhao Ermi Ningguta Herpetologist and a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
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  • Manchu Veritable Record (滿洲實錄) depicted Jargūci G'ag'ai (the bottom left commander) leading Jianzhou forces as one of commander in the Battle of Fodoho moutain fortress of Neyen tribe
    Manchu Veritable Record (滿洲實錄) depicted Jargūci G'ag'ai (the bottom left commander) leading Jianzhou forces as one of commander in the Battle of Fodoho moutain fortress of Neyen tribe
  • A statue of Artai, Viceroy of Sichuan during Qianlong reign, for commemorating his contributions to water conservancy
    A statue of Artai, Viceroy of Sichuan during Qianlong reign, for commemorating his contributions to water conservancy
  • Noble Consort Xun of Akūli
    Noble Consort Xun of Akūli
  • First Class Attendant Ping of Warka
    First Class Attendant Ping of Warka
  • Chang Shuhong, the founder of Dunhuang Research Academy
    Chang Shuhong, the founder of Dunhuang Research Academy

See also

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References

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Citations

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  1. ^ Stary 2000, pp. 76, 176, 273
  2. ^ Hongzhou 2002, p. 181
  3. ^ Rawski 1998, p. 66
  4. ^ Elliott 2001, p. 398
  5. ^ Chen 1997, pp. 229–230
  6. ^ Xu 1986, pp. 2144–2145
  7. ^ Tong & Chen 2001, pp. 75
  8. ^ Zhaolian 1980, p. 316
  9. ^ "Xibe Language Association of Xinjiang: Brief Introduction of Xibe Family Names (simplified Chinese)". Archived from the original on 2016-03-10. Retrieved 2012-11-09.
  10. ^ Zhao & Yao 1997, p. 76(Zhuyeting Various Notes)
  11. ^ Zhao 2012, p. 5
  12. ^ American Geographical Society of New York 1940, p. 116
  13. ^ Liu 2012, p. 4
  14. ^ Zheng 2009, p. 44
  15. ^ Elliott 2001, p. 133
  16. ^ Norman 2013, p. 199
  17. ^ Zhao 2012, p. 380
  18. ^ Hongzhou 2002, pp. 179–180, 189–190, 199–200, 207–209
  19. ^ Zhao 2012, pp. 381–383
  20. ^ 中國社會科學院近代史研究所政治史研究室 2011, p. 62
  21. ^ Du 2008, p. 75
  22. ^ Elliott 2001, p. 59
  23. ^ Zhao 2012, pp. 491–519
  24. ^ Zhao 2012, pp. 372, 373, 383, 384, 385
  25. ^ Hu 1994, p. 876
  26. ^ Jin, Jin & Aisin Gioro 1996, p. 207
  27. ^ Jin 2009, pp. 118, 126
  28. ^ Zhao 2012, pp. 5, 381
  29. ^ Zhao 2012, p. 381
  30. ^ "C-TYT61432". 祖源树. 2024. Retrieved 2024-08-28.
  31. ^ a b "伊尔根觉罗氏起源分布". 23魔方. 2024. Retrieved 2024-08-28.
  32. ^ "赵匡胤家族祖源分析". 23魔方. 2026. Retrieved 2026-06-18.
  33. ^ Li, Jiawei; Cai, Dawei; Zhang, Ye; Zhu, Hong; Zhou, Hui (2024). "Ancient DNA reveals two paternal lineages C2a1a1b1a/F3830 and C2b1b/F845 in past nomadic peoples distributed on the Mongolian Plateau". American Journal of Physical Anthropology. 172 (3). Wiley: 402–411. doi:10.1002/ajpa.24076. PMID 32406954. Retrieved 2024-08-28.

Sources

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