Indohyaenodon

Indohyaenodon; Temporal range: 54.51–54.5 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N Early Eocene
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Mammalia
Infraclass:	Placentalia
Order:	†Hyaenodonta
Family:	†Hyaenodontidae
Subfamily:	†Indohyaenodontinae
Genus:	†Indohyaenodon; Bajpai, 2009
Type species
	†Indohyaenodon raoi; Bajpai, 2009

Indohyaenodon ("Indian Hyaenodon") is an extinct monotypic genus of placental mammals from the subfamily Indohyaenodontinae within the extinct family Hyaenodontidae, that lived during the Early Eocene in Cambay Shale Formation of Gujarat, India.^[2]

Palaeobiology

Locomotion

Indohyaenodon raoi was capable of arboreal locomotion. Evidence for this includes its peroneal tubercle of the calcaneus being proximally positioned and large, which would have enabled powerful curvature by the peroneal musculature at the expense of plantarflexion, its obliquely oriented and smoothly curved ectal facet on the calcaneus, which would have made the astragalocalcanear joint highly mobile, its very shallow astragalar facet on the tibia, which would have permitted parasagittal and transverse movements at the crurotarsal joint, and its long tibial crest, which gave its gracilis and semitendinosus muscles a high degree of leverage.^[3]

References

^ Bajpai, S.; Kapur, V. V.; Thewissen, J. G. M. (2009). "Creodont and condylarth from the Cambay Shale (Early Eocene, 55-54MA), Vastan Lignite Mine, Gujarat, Western India". Journal of the Palaeontological Society of India. 54 (1): 103–109.
^ Solé, F.; Lhuillier, J.; Adaci, M.; Bensalah, M.; Mahboubi, M.; Tabuce, Rodolphe (2013). "The hyaenodontidans from the Gour Lazib area (?Early Eocene, Algeria): implications concerning the systematics and the origin of the Hyainailourinae and Teratodontinae". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 12 (3): 303–322. doi:10.1080/14772019.2013.795196.
^ Rana, Rajendra S.; Kumar, Kishor; Zack, Shawn P.; Solé, Floreal; Rose, Kenneth D.; Missiaen, Pieter; Singh, Lachham; Sahni, Ashok; Smith, Thierry (3 September 2015). "Craniodental and postcranial morphology of Indohyaenodon raoi from the early Eocene of India, and its implications for ecology, phylogeny, and biogeography of hyaenodontid mammals". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 35 (5) e965308. doi:10.1080/02724634.2015.965308. ISSN 0272-4634. Retrieved 5 May 2026 – via Taylor and Francis Online.

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[1] Bajpai, S.; Kapur, V. V.; Thewissen, J. G. M. (2009). "Creodont and condylarth from the Cambay Shale (Early Eocene, 55-54MA), Vastan Lignite Mine, Gujarat, Western India". Journal of the Palaeontological Society of India. 54 (1): 103–109.

[hyaenodontidansGourLazib-2] Solé, F.; Lhuillier, J.; Adaci, M.; Bensalah, M.; Mahboubi, M.; Tabuce, Rodolphe (2013). "The hyaenodontidans from the Gour Lazib area (?Early Eocene, Algeria): implications concerning the systematics and the origin of the Hyainailourinae and Teratodontinae". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 12 (3): 303–322. doi:10.1080/14772019.2013.795196.

[3] Rana, Rajendra S.; Kumar, Kishor; Zack, Shawn P.; Solé, Floreal; Rose, Kenneth D.; Missiaen, Pieter; Singh, Lachham; Sahni, Ashok; Smith, Thierry (3 September 2015). "Craniodental and postcranial morphology of Indohyaenodon raoi from the early Eocene of India, and its implications for ecology, phylogeny, and biogeography of hyaenodontid mammals". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 35 (5) e965308. doi:10.1080/02724634.2015.965308. ISSN 0272-4634. Retrieved 5 May 2026 – via Taylor and Francis Online.

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