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Borosilicide

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Boride silicides (also called borosilicides)[1] are mixed anion compounds containing silicide and boride linked into anions.[2]

Synthesis

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Boride silicides may be produced by melting together the elements in a boron nitride crucible, sealed in tantalum. Tin may be used as a solvent.[3] Alkali metal iodides can also be used as a solvent.[4]

Use

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Borosilicides are of interest in research for ultra-high temperature materials for use in jet engines, catalysts and also for thermoelectric materials.[4]

Structure

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There are not many different structures for borosilicides, particularly compared to the boride carbides. Most known compounds are rich in boron, but a few are rich in silicon.[5] The boron and silicon atoms do not appear as isolated ions, but are covalently bound into a network. Boron networks found in metal borides are enlarged by the addition of silicon, which allows inclusion of metal atoms that are larger than would otherwise be stable.[6]

Transition elements can form a tetragonal M5SiB2 series of compounds. These are called MAB phases (M for metal, A here is silicon, and B is boron).[7] However the compounds for zirconium and hafnium are energetically unfavourable.[8]

List

[edit]
formula system space group unit cell Å, volume density comment ref
α-SiB3 rhombohedral band gap 0.2 eV; ignites 600 °C [9]
β-SiB3

(Si4B11.6C0.4)

orthorhombic Imma a = 8.3915 b = 12.5680 c = 6.2134 Z = 16 655.29 2.454 transluscent and amber; Si4 chain and B12 cluster; band gap 2.0 eV; acid and base resistant; stands hot oxygen [9]
LiBSi2 tetragonal P42/nmc a=6.83225, c=8.83924 Z=8 seven, six and five-membered rings; dark gray; moisture and acid stable; band gap 1.1 eV [10]
Li2B12Si2 orthorhombic Cmce a=6.1060 b=10.979 c=8.4050 Z=4 transparent yellow; Vickers hardness=20.3 GPa; band gap 2.27 eV [3]
Na2B6Si2 trigonal R3m a = 5.0735 c = 16.0004 Z=3 356.3 closo [B6]2− (Si2)0 [11]
Na8B4.1Si41.9 cubic I43m a=9.699 V=906.87 [12][13]
Na8B74.5Si17.5 hexagonal P63/mmc a = 10.2392 c = 10.9215 Z=1 991.62 2.480 black; Na8(B12)6Si16[BSi]1.5[B2]0.5. B12 [14][15]
MgB12Si2 orthorhombic Pnma a=10.980 b=6.1098 c=8.3646 Z=4 yellow-green; B12 icosahedra linked by Si [16]
Mg3B36Si9C trigonal R3m a=10.079 c=16.372 black; acid stable; Vickers hardness 17.0 GPa [17]
Na3MgB37Si9 trigonal R3m a = 10.1630 c = 16.5742 Z=3 1482.5 [18]
K7B7Si39 cubic Pm3n a=9.952 clathrate [19][20]
ScB12.0C0.65Si0.071 cubic F43m a=20.3085 [9][21]
V5SiB2 tetragonal I4/mcm a=5.810 c=10.790 [22]
CrSi3(B12)Se12(B2Se3)1.33 hexagonal P6322 a=12.9772 c=9.532 Z=2 1390.2 black [9][23]
Mn5SiB2 tetragonal I4/mcm a=5.619 c=10.458 330.17 [4]
CrMn4SiB2 tetragonal I4/mcm a=5.6064 c=10.4244 327.6 6.517 ferromagnetic Curie T=270 K [24]
Fe5SiB2 tetragonal I4/mcm a=5.555 c=10.342 319.17 [4]
Co4.75Si2B tetragonal I4/mcm a=8.648 c=4.265 318.9 [4]
Ni6Si2B hexagonal P62m a=6.111 c=2.884 93.252 [4]
Rb8B8Si38 cubic Pm3n a = 9.9583 V=987.69 Z=1 3.0902 air and water stable; semiconductor; [14]
YB17.6Si4.6 rhombohedral R3m a=10.0841 c=16.4714 [25]
YB41Si1.2 orthorhombic Pbam a=16.674 b=17.667 c=9.5110 [26]
Y1−xB12Si3.3−δ (0⩽x⩽0.5, δ≈0.3) rhombohedral R3m a=10.080 c=16.426 Z=9 [27]
YB44Si2 orthorhombic Pbam a=16.674 b=17.667 c=9.511 2801.7 [6]
Y2.04(B12)3(CSi)Si8 trigonal R3m [28]
Y5Si2B8 tetragonal P4/mbm Z=2 [29]
Y2B36Si9C trigonal R3m a=10.0344 c=16.348 [17]
Nb5SiB2 tetragonal I4/mcm a=6.569 c=11.878 Z=4 Superconductor Tc=7 K; for Nb5Si2.4B0.6 7.8K [30][31]
Nb4VSiB2 tetragonal I4/mcm [32]
Nb4CrSiB2 tetragonal I4/mcm a = 6.109 c = 11.547 [33]
Mo5SiB2 tetragonal I4/mcm a=6.0272 c=11.0671 Z=4 oxidises to borosilicate; Superconductor Tc=5.6 K [34][35][36]
Mo4VSiB2 tetragonal I4/mcm a= 5.9669 c= 11.02129 [32]
Mo4MnSiB2 tetragonal I4/mcm a = 5.938 c = 11.057 [24]
Ti4MoSiB2 tetragonal I4/mcm a= 6.13262 c= 11.52567 band gap 4.1 eV [37]
Mo4CrSiB2 tetragonal I4/mcm a = 5.939 c = 11.016 [33]
Cs8B8Si38 cubic Pm3n a=10.0312 Z=1 1009.39 3.647 formed under pressure; semiconductor; 3D network of dodecahedra and 14-hedra enclosing Cs ions [38]
CeSi1·5B0.5 hexagonal P6/mmm a = 3.9922 c = 4.3053 [39]
GdB18Si5 tetragonal P4/mbm a=7.2665 c=8.2229 [40][41]
GdB44Si2 [42]
Gd2B36Si9C trigonal R3m a=10.0955 c=16.454 [17]
Gd5Si2B8 tetragonal P4/mbm a=7.2665 c=8.2229 metallic [43][44]
Gd5Si3B0.6 hexagonal P63/mcm a=8.5080 c=6.4141 [2][44]
Gd5Si23B8 B6 octahedra and Si2 [2]
Gd1−xB12Si3.3−δ (0⩽x⩽0.5, δ≈0.3) rhombohedral R3m a=10.069 c=16.447 Z=9 [27]
Sm5Si2B8 tetragonal P4/mbm a=7.2616 c=8.2660 Z=2 [29]
TbB41Si1.2 orthorhombic Pbam ferromagnetic < 18 K; B12Si3 and B12 polyhedra [45]
Tb9B3Si13.83 R32 a = 6.668 c = 12.405 Z=1 [46]
Tb3-xC2Si8(B12)3 [47]
Tb1−xB12Si3.3−δ (0⩽x⩽0.5, δ≈0.3) rhombohedral R3m a =10.075 b =10.075 c =16.41 Z=9 [27]
TbB44Si2 orthorhombic Pbam a=16.651 b=17.661 c=9.500 2793.7 [6]
Tb1.8C2Si8(B12)3 rhombohedral R3m a=10.1171 c=16.397 Z=3 1453.4 band gap 0.9 eV [48]
Tb2B36Si9C trigonal R3m a=10.0307 c=16.352 [17]
Tb5Si2B8 tetragonal P4/mbm a=7.2616 c=8.2660 Z=2 [29]
Dy0.7B12.33Si3 trigonal R3m a=10.0782 c=16.4651 Z=9 1448.3 black [49]
Dy1−xB12Si3.3−δ (0⩽x⩽0.5, δ≈0.3) rhombohedral R3m a=10.058 c=16.412 Z=9 [27]
DyB44Si2 orthorhombic Pbam a=16.658 b=17.655 c=9.508( 2796.3 [6]
Dy2B36Si9C trigonal R3m a=10.0735 c=16.323 [17]
Dy2.1(B12)3(CSi)Si8 trigonal R3m [28]
Dy5Si2B8 tetragonal P4/mbm Z=2 [29]
Ho1−xB12Si3.3−δ (0⩽x⩽0.5, δ≈0.3) rhombohedral R3m a=10.062 c=16.365 Z=9 [27]
HoB44Si2 orthorhombic Pbam a=16.608 b=17.578 c=9.492 2771.1 [6]
Ho5Si2B8 tetragonal P4/mbm a=7.1830 c=8.9900 Z=2 [29]
Ho2B36Si9C trigonal R3m a=10.0643 c=16.2699 [17]
Er1−xB12Si3.3−δ (0⩽x⩽0.5, δ≈0.3) rhombohedral R3m a=10.047 c=16.393 Z=9 [27]
ErB44Si2 orthorhombic Pbam a=16.600 b=17.621 c=9.485(5) 2774.4 [6]
Er2B36Si9C trigonal R3m a=10.016 c=16.309 [17]
Er3Si3.83 B (Er18Si23B6) trigonal R32 a = 6.5568 c = 24.5541 Z = 6 914.19 6.82 shiny grey [5]
Er8B3Si17 orthorhombic Cmc21 a=4.0128b=28.867 c=3.8413 Z=1 [50]
Tm1−xB12Si3.3−δ (0⩽x⩽0.5, δ≈0.3) rhombohedral R3m a=10.068 c=16.350 Z=9 [27]
TmB44Si2 orthorhombic Pbam a=16.655 b=17.667 c=9.494 2793.6 [6]
Tm2B36Si9C trigonal R3m a=10.0156 c=16.296 [17]
Yb1−xB12Si3.3−δ (0⩽x⩽0.5, δ≈0.3) rhombohedral R3m a=10.095 c=16.470 Z=9 [27]
YbB44Si2 orthorhombic Pbam a=16.636 b=17.644 c=9.488 2785.0 [6]
YbB45.6Si1.0 orthorhombic a=16.636 b=17.644 c=9.488 [51]
YbB3Si13.83 R32 a = 6.5796 c = 12.2599 Z=1 [46]
Yb2B36Si9C trigonal R3m a=10.1103 c=16.314 [17]
Lu1−xB12Si3.3−δ (0⩽x⩽0.5, δ≈0.3) rhombohedral R3m a=10.062 c=16.297 Z=9 [27]
Hf5Si3B0.2 hexagonal P63/mcm a = 7.8557 c = 5.52622 Z=2 Ultra-high temperature ceramic [52]
W5SiB2 tetragonal I4/mcm Superconductor Tc = 5.8 K [30][53]
W4CrSiB2 tetragonal I4/mcm a = b: 5.942 c = 10.948 [33]
W4.5Ta0.5SiB2 tetragonal I4/mcm Superconductor Tc=6.5 K [30]


References

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