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Jack Pease, 1st Baron Gainford

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For other people named Joseph Pease, see Joseph Pease (disambiguation).

The Right Honourable
The Lord Gainford
PC DL JP
Chairman of the British Broadcasting Company
In office
18 December 1922 – 31 December 1926
Preceded byOffice created
Succeeded byGeorge Villiers
Postmaster General
In office
18 January 1916 – 5 December 1916
Prime MinisterH. H. Asquith
Preceded byHerbert Samuel
Succeeded byAlbert Illingworth
President of the Board of Education
In office
23 October 1911 – 25 May 1915
Prime MinisterH. H. Asquith
Preceded byWalter Runciman
Succeeded byArthur Henderson
Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
In office
14 February 1910 – 23 October 1911
Prime MinisterH. H. Asquith
Preceded byHerbert Samuel
Succeeded byCharles Hobhouse
In office
3 June 1908 – 15 January 1910
Prime MinisterH. H. Asquith
Preceded byGeorge Whiteley
Succeeded byThe Master of Elibank
Lords Commissioner of the Treasury
In office
18 December 1905 – 3 June 1908
Prime MinisterHenry Campbell-Bannerman
H. H. Asquith
Member of Parliament
for Rotherham
In office
1 March 1910 – 23 January 1917
Preceded byWilliam Holland
Succeeded byArthur Richardson
Member of Parliament
for Saffron Walden
In office
31 May 1901 – 15 January 1910
Preceded byArmine Wodehouse
Succeeded byDouglas Proby
Member of Parliament
for Tyneside
In office
26 July 1892 – 24 October 1900
Preceded byWentworth Beaumont
Succeeded byHugh Crawford Smith
Personal details
BornJoseph Albert Pease
(1860-01-17)17 January 1860
Darlington, County Durham
Died15 February 1943(1943-02-15) (aged 83)
Headlam Hall, Gainford, County Durham
PartyLiberal
SpouseEthel Havelock-Allen (d. 1941)
EducationGrove House School
Trinity College, Cambridge

Joseph Albert Pease, 1st Baron Gainford PC DL JP (17 January 1860 – 15 February 1943), known as Jack Pease, was a British businessman and Liberal politician. He was a member of H. H. Asquith's Liberal cabinet between 1910 and 1916 and also served as Chairman of the BBC between 1922 and 1926.

During the course of his political career, Pease supported various progressive measures [1] such as old age pensions[2] and improvements in the pay of agricultural labourers. [3]

Background and education

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Pease was born in Darlington, County Durham (a member of the Darlington Peases), the second and youngest son of Sir Joseph Pease, 1st Baronet, of Hutton Hall, Guisborough, and Mary, daughter of Alfred Fox. He was the younger brother of Sir Alfred Pease, 2nd Baronet, the nephew of Arthur Pease and the first cousin of Sir Arthur Pease, 1st Baronet, and Herbert Pease, 1st Baron Daryngton. He was educated at Grove House School, a Quaker school, and at Trinity College, Cambridge.[4]

Political career

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Pease in 1895

Pease served as Mayor of Darlington from 1889 to 1890. He was elected Member of Parliament for Tyneside in 1892, a seat he held until 1900.[5] He contested and won a by-election for Saffron Walden in May 1901,[6] and represented that constituency until 1910,[7] and Rotherham between 1910 and 1916.[8] He was private secretary (unpaid) to John Morley, the Chief Secretary for Ireland, between 1893 and 1895 and a junior opposition whip between 1897 and 1905.[citation needed]

When the Liberals came to power in 1905 under Henry Campbell-Bannerman, Pease was appointed a Junior Lord of the Treasury (government whip). After H. H. Asquith became Prime Minister in 1908 he was promoted to Parliamentary Secretary to the Treasury (Chief Whip) and sworn of the Privy Council.[9] In 1910 he entered Asquith's cabinet as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, a post he held until 1911, and then served under Asquith as President of the Board of Education between 1911 and 1915 and as Postmaster-General in 1916. In 1917 he was raised to the peerage as Baron Gainford, of Headlam in the County of Durham.[10]

He served on the Claims Commission in France in 1915 and between 1917 and 1920 and in Italy between 1918 and 1919[citation needed] and was also a Deputy Lieutenant of County Durham and a Justice of the Peace for County Durham and the North Riding of Yorkshire.

Business career

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Apart from his political career Pease was Deputy Chairman of the Durham Coal Owners Association and vice-chairman of the Durham District Board (under the Coal Mines Act 1930), a director of Pease and Partners Ltd and other colliery companies, Chairman of Durham Coke Owners, director of the County of London Electric Supply Company, Chairman of South London Electric Supply Corporation, of the Tees Fishery Board, and of the Trustees of the Bowes Museum.[citation needed]

In 1922 he was appointed Chairman of the British Broadcasting Company Ltd, a post he held until its dissolution and replacement by the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) on 31 December 1926, and was vice-chairman of the Board of Governors of the BBC until 1932. From 1927 to 1928 he was President of Federation of British Industry.

Papers

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Lord Gainford's papers are deposited in Nuffield College, Oxford and consist of diaries, scrap books, press cuttings, correspondence, domestic papers, political papers, official papers, claims commission papers and BBC papers. The main part of the Pease diaries cover the years 1908–1915 and a volume dealing with the years 1908–1910 have been published by Cameron Hazlehurst and Christine Woodland as A Liberal Chronicle: Journals and Papers of J A Pease, 1908–1910; The Historians Press, London, 1994.[citation needed]

Family

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Lord Gainford married Ethel, daughter of Sir Henry Havelock-Allan, 1st Baronet, in 1886. They had one son, Joseph, and two daughters, Miriam and Faith (who married Michael Wentworth Beaumont and was the mother of Lord Beaumont of Whitley). Lady Gainford died in October 1941. Lord Gainford survived her by two years and died in February 1943, aged 83. He was succeeded in the barony by his son, Joseph. The family seat was Headlam Hall, Co Durham.

Arms

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Coat of arms of Jack Pease, 1st Baron Gainford
Crest
Upon the capital of an Ionic column a dove rising holding in the beak a pea stalk as in the arms all Proper.
Escutcheon
Per fess Azure and Gules a fess nebuly Ermine between two lambs passant in chief Argent and in base upon a mount Proper a dove rising Argent holding in the beak a pea stalk the blossoms and pods also Proper.
Supporters
On either side a barbary wild sheep ram guardant Or.
Motto
Pax Et Spes [11]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ The Glasgow Herald 29 Oct 1910
  2. ^ AGED PENSIONERS BILL. HC Deb 19 March 1902 vol 105 cc448-520
  3. ^ AGRICULTURAL WAGES BILL. HL Deb 05 August 1924 vol 59 cc365-430
  4. ^ "Pease, Joseph Albert (PS878JA)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
  5. ^ "leighrayment.com House of Commons: Tipperary South to Tyrone West". Archived from the original on 15 July 2018. Retrieved 1 September 2009.
  6. ^ "No. 27320". The London Gazette. 4 June 1901. p. 3770.
  7. ^ "leighrayment.com House of Commons: Saffron Walden to Salford West". Archived from the original on 20 December 2009. Retrieved 1 September 2009.
  8. ^ "leighrayment.com House of Commons: Rochester to Ryedale". Archived from the original on 19 December 2012. Retrieved 1 September 2009.
  9. ^ "No. 28199". The London Gazette. 24 November 1908. p. 8693.
  10. ^ "No. 29913". The London Gazette. 23 January 1917. p. 842.
  11. ^ Burke's Peerage. 1949.
  • Joseph Albert Pease, by Cameron Hazlehurst in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, OUP 2004–09.
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