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Dutertism

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Not to be confused with Political positions of Rodrigo Duterte.

Dutertism
Dutertismo
LeadersRodrigo Duterte
Sara Duterte
FounderRodrigo Duterte
FoundedNovember 27, 2015; 10 years ago (2015-11-27)
IdeologyFilipino nationalism
Neo-nationalism
Right-wing populism
Anti-communism
Federalism (Dutertist)
Authoritarianism
Militarism
Historical:
Social democracy
Left-wing populism
Political positionSyncretic to right-wing
Historical:
Centre-left[1]
National affiliationPartido Demokratiko Pilipino
Colors  Green

Dutertism (Filipino: Dutertismo)[2][3][4][5] is an authoritarian syncretic political ideology and the official ideology of Rodrigo Duterte, the 16th president of the Philippines, and his political base, who are often referred to as "Diehard Duterte Supporters" or "DDS".[6][7]

Dutertism mixes ideologies and beliefs such as right-wing populism, authoritarianism, Filipino nationalism, neo-nationalism, anti-communism, Dutertist federalism, militarism, and state violence.[8] Duterte branded himself as left-leaning during his presidential campaign, and Partido Demokratiko Pilipino, Duterte's political party, has synthesized left-wing populist rhetoric with right-wing populist policies.

Dutertist policies

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War on drugs and crime

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The Philippine drug war or locally known as the "War on Drugs" is a key Dutertist policy that began in 2016, the idea or the local versions of it originated from when Rodrigo Duterte was Mayor in Davao City[9] and popularized when it became a campaign promise. It is a policy that "eradicates crime" by killing criminals such as drug addicts, drug lords, and other criminals, even urging his supporters to kill drug addicts themselves.[10] This is the most controversial Dutertist policy with official tallies saying 6,252 died from 2016 to 2022,[11] however, an investigation from the International Criminal Court estimated that 12,000 to 30,000 people were killed from July 2016 to March 2019.[12]

Capital punishment

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During Rodrigo Duterte 2016 presidential campaign, he advocated and promised the restoration of the death penalty by public hanging.[13] It is a common Dutertist policy many supporters are in favor for, it would restore it as the solution to end crimes like drugs, rape, and kidnapping and the execution of criminals.[14] However, since 2006, the death penalty was abolished in the Philippines.[15] Bills have been filed for the restoration of this but none have passed, with the latest one being in January 2025, Congressman then Zamboanga City mayor Khymer Adan Olaso, a Duterte ally[16] filing a bill to have corrupt officials get sentenced to firing squad.[17], which was unsuccessful.

Militarism

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During Rodrigo Duterte's presidency, Duterte admitted of militarization of government after appointing retired military officers to posts that are unrelated to national security.[18] Duterte also asked the military to "takeover" the Bureau of Customs.[19] He defended former military and police personnel, saying they are less likely to "debate" with him.[20]

Symbols

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Duterte fist

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The Duterte fist also known as the "Duterte pose"[21] is a hand gesture made by Rodrigo Duterte, his allies, and his supporters before and during his presidency, its made by raising a clenched fist at chest or eye level. The gesture is regarded as a signature symbol of Duterte and Dutertism.[22] However critics say the gesture is a symbol of the Philippine drug war and right wing populism in the Philippines.[23][24] The gesture is also used in the logo of the PDP.

Color green

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The color Green was first used as the official campaign color for Rodrigo Duterte's 2016 presidential campaign[25] and was popularized by Sara Duterte during the 2022 Philippine vice presidential election during her campaign to run for vice president under UniTeam.[26] The color is widely used as the official color of Dutertism and Duterte allies.[27] On Rodrigo Duterte's 80th birthday during his detainment in The Hague, supporters painted Davao City in green.[28]

Allied parties and organizations

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Political parties

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Political organizations

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Notable politicians, figures, and supporters

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See also

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Similar ideologies

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References

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  1. ^ Alan Scott; D. B. Subedi; Howard Brasted; Karin von Strokirch, eds. (September 29, 2023). The Routledge Handbook of Populism in the Asia Pacific. Taylor & Francis. p. 2019. ... during the 2016 election, Duterte claimed to belong to the centre-left and made several economic populist promises such as the end of labour contractualization, universal health cover, free tuition for state universities, a hike in pensions, and increased salaries for government personnel, especially the police and military.
  2. ^ David, Randy (2016-05-01). "'Dutertismo'". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved 2025-09-21.
  3. ^ Magno, Christopher (11 July 2016). "Dutertism and Philippine populist criminality". Rappler. Retrieved 17 October 2025.
  4. ^ Sentinel, Asia. "Unpacking Dutertism". www.asiasentinel.com. Retrieved 2024-03-15.
  5. ^ Contreras, Antonio (2019-04-25). "The dangers of 'Dutertismo'". The Manila Times. Retrieved 2024-10-17.
  6. ^ Romero, Segundo Eclar (26 August 2025). "Seizing the moment: Crafting our future". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved 17 October 2025.
  7. ^ Heydarian, Richard (25 March 2025). "Dutertismo: Hijacking good governance". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved 17 October 2025.
  8. ^ Cinco, Maricar (2016-04-18). "Duterte: I'm a socialist, not a communist; last card". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved 2025-10-18.
  9. ^ Coronel, Sheila (2016-09-20). "The Bloody Biography of Rodrigo Duterte". The Atlantic. Retrieved 2025-11-09.
  10. ^ "Philippines president Rodrigo Duterte urges people to kill drug addicts". The Guardian. 2016-07-01. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2025-11-09.
  11. ^ Sarao, Zacarian. "6,252 drug suspects killed as of May 31 – PDEA". INQUIRER.net. Archived from the original on 2022-06-21. Retrieved 2025-11-09.
  12. ^ "A pathologist, a priest and a hunt for justice in the Philippines". Reuters. Retrieved 2025-11-09.
  13. ^ Lacorte, Germelina (2015-12-28). "Duterte wants death penalty back". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved 2025-11-14.
  14. ^ Inquirer, Philippine Daily (2015-06-06). "Duterte says he would revive death penalty". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved 2025-11-14.
  15. ^ "Philippines bans death penalty". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 2025-11-14.
  16. ^ Zamboanga, SunStar (2025-05-03). "Sara endorses Team Zamboanga for May 12 polls aspirants". SunStar Publishing Inc. Retrieved 2025-11-14.
  17. ^ Gulla, Vivienne. "House bill seeks 'death by firing squad' for corrupt public officials | ABS-CBN News". ABS-CBN. Archived from the original on 2025-08-27. Retrieved 2025-11-14.
  18. ^ Romero, Alexis. "Duterte admits 'militarization of government'". Philstar.com. Retrieved 2025-11-24.
  19. ^ Gavilan, Jodesz (2018-10-28). "Duterte says military men to 'take over' Customs". RAPPLER. Retrieved 2025-11-24.
  20. ^ Ranada, Pia (2018-10-31). "Militarization of government? 'Correct!' says Duterte". RAPPLER. Retrieved 2025-11-24.
  21. ^ "Victory sign! GMA does Duterte's 'fist pose' after ousting Alvarez as Speaker - POLITIKO". politiko.com.ph. 2018-07-27. Retrieved 2025-10-19.
  22. ^ Holmes, Oliver; Karp, Paul (2017-08-24). "Australian spy chief criticised for 'fist bump' gesture with Philippines leader Duterte". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2025-10-19.
  23. ^ France-Presse, Agence (2017-11-12). "Trump warned on Duterte fist salute in Manila". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved 2025-10-19.
  24. ^ "Teen gymnast Carlos Yulo made a political gesture some Filipinos hoped he didn't". Interaksyon. 2019-10-18. Retrieved 2025-10-19.
  25. ^ VisMin, Politiko (2016-03-27). "Green is Duterte's official color | Politiko Visayas". Retrieved 2025-10-19.
  26. ^ "Introducing the Colors of the Philippine Election". thediplomat.com. Retrieved 2025-10-19.
  27. ^ Butuyan, Joel Ruiz (2025-05-15). "Red, green, and pink election results". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved 2025-10-19.
  28. ^ Mindanao, Inquirer; Inquirer, Philippine Daily (2025-03-28). "Duterte supporters paint the town green to mark his 80th birthday". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved 2025-10-19.
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